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Pepper

   
Scientific Info

Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Piperales
Family: Piperaceae
Genus: Piper

Information

Piper is an economically and ecologically important genus in the family Piperaceae that includes about 1,000–2,000 species of shrubs, herbs, and lianas, many of which are keystone species in their native habitat, while others are a major invasive species in areas where they are introduced. The genus contains species suitable for studying natural history, natural products chemistry, community ecology, and evolutionary biology. The diversification of this taxon is of interest to understanding the evolution of plants.

Piper species have a pantropical distribution, and are most commonly found in the understory of lowland tropical rainforests, but can also occur in clearings and in higher elevation life zones such as cloud forests; one species (P. kadsura from southern Japan and southernmost Korea) is subtropical and can tolerate light winter frost. Peppers are often dominant plants where they are found.

Piper is a model genus for research in ecology and evolutionary biology. The diversity and ecological importance of the genus makes it an obvious candidate for ecological and evolutionary studies, though not surprisingly, most research has focused on the economically important species P. nigrum (black pepper), P. methysticum (kava), and P. betle (betel).

Obligate and facultative ant mutualists found in some Piper species have a strong influence on their biology, making them ideal systems for research on the evolution of symbioses and the effect of mutualisms on biotic communities.

More info at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piper_(genus)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_pepper