%PDF-1.4
%
1 0 obj
<>stream
Fatigue testingBioreactorBiomaterialsFibrin[EN] In tissue engineering of cartilage, polymeric scaffolds are implanted in the damaged tissue and subjected to repeated compression loading cycles. The possibility of failure due to mechanical fatigue has not been properly addressed in these scaffolds. Nevertheless, the macroporous scaffold is susceptible to failure after repeated loading-unloading cycles. This is related to inherent discontinuities in the material due to the micropore structure of the macro-pore walls that act as stress concentration points. In this work, chondrogenic precursor cells have been seeded in poly-epsilon-caprolactone (PCL) scaffolds with fibrin and some were submitted to free swelling culture and others to cyclic loading in a bioreactor. After cell culture, all the samples were analyzed for fatigue behavior under repeated loading-unloading cycles. Moreover, some components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) were identified. No differences were observed between samples undergoing free swelling or bioreactor loading conditions, neither respect to matrix components nor to mechanical performance to fatigue. The ECM did not achieve the desired preponderance of collagen type II over collagen type I which is considered the main characteristic of hyaline cartilage ECM. However, prediction in PCL with ECM constructs was possible up to 600 cycles, an enhanced performance when compared to previous works. PCL after cell culture presents an improved fatigue resistance, despite the fact that the measured elastic modulus at the first cycle was similar to PCL with poly(vinyl alcohol) samples. This finding suggests that fatigue analysis in tissue engineering constructs can provide additional information missed with traditional mechanical measurements.Reserva de todos los derechosAbiertohttp://hdl.handle.net/10251/106292John Wiley & Sonsapplication/pdf Vitor Sencadas Sonia C. M. Silva Clarisse Ribeiro Vitor Correia Francisco M. Gama José Luís Gómez Ribelles S. Lanceros-MéndezJournal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B Applied BiomaterialsInglés
endstream
endobj
2 0 obj
<>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI]/Font<>/XObject<>>>/CropBox[0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92]/Parent 19 0 R/StructParents 0/Rotate 0/MediaBox[0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92]>>
endobj
20 0 obj
<>/Font<>>>/Annots 34 0 R/CropBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Parent 19 0 R/StructParents 0/Rotate 0/MediaBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]>>
endobj
35 0 obj
<>/Font<>>>/Annots 38 0 R/CropBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Parent 19 0 R/StructParents 1/Rotate 0/MediaBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]>>
endobj
39 0 obj
<>/Font<>>>/Annots 42 0 R/CropBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Parent 19 0 R/StructParents 2/Rotate 0/MediaBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]>>
endobj
43 0 obj
<>/Font<>>>/Annots 47 0 R/CropBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Parent 19 0 R/StructParents 3/Rotate 0/MediaBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]>>
endobj
48 0 obj
<>/Font<>>>/Annots 50 0 R/CropBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Parent 19 0 R/StructParents 4/Rotate 0/MediaBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]>>
endobj
51 0 obj
<>/Font<>>>/Annots 54 0 R/CropBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Parent 19 0 R/StructParents 5/Rotate 0/MediaBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]>>
endobj
55 0 obj
<>/Font<>>>/Annots 57 0 R/CropBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Parent 19 0 R/StructParents 6/Rotate 0/MediaBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]>>
endobj
58 0 obj
<>/Font<>>>/Annots 61 0 R/CropBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Parent 19 0 R/StructParents 7/Rotate 0/MediaBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]>>
endobj
62 0 obj
<>/Font<>>>/Annots 65 0 R/CropBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Parent 19 0 R/StructParents 8/Rotate 0/MediaBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]>>
endobj
66 0 obj
<>/Font<>>>/Annots 68 0 R/CropBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Parent 69 0 R/StructParents 9/Rotate 0/MediaBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]>>
endobj
70 0 obj
<>/Font<>>>/Annots 72 0 R/CropBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Parent 69 0 R/StructParents 10/Rotate 0/MediaBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]>>
endobj
73 0 obj
<>/Font<>>>/CropBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Parent 69 0 R/StructParents 11/Rotate 0/MediaBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]>>
endobj
75 0 obj
<>/Font<>>>/Annots 77 0 R/CropBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Parent 69 0 R/StructParents 12/Rotate 0/MediaBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]>>
endobj
78 0 obj
<>/Font<>>>/CropBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Parent 69 0 R/StructParents 13/Rotate 0/MediaBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]>>
endobj
81 0 obj
<>/Font<>>>/CropBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Parent 69 0 R/StructParents 14/Rotate 0/MediaBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]>>
endobj
83 0 obj
<>/Font<>>>/CropBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Parent 69 0 R/StructParents 15/Rotate 0/MediaBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]>>
endobj
85 0 obj
<>/Font<>>>/CropBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Parent 69 0 R/StructParents 16/Rotate 0/MediaBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]>>
endobj
87 0 obj
<>/Font<>>>/CropBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Parent 69 0 R/StructParents 17/Rotate 0/MediaBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]>>
endobj
90 0 obj
<>/Font<>>>/CropBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Parent 69 0 R/StructParents 18/Rotate 0/MediaBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]>>
endobj
92 0 obj
<>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/XObject<>>>/CropBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Parent 99 0 R/StructParents 59/Rotate 0/MediaBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]>>
endobj
100 0 obj
<>/Font<>>>/CropBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Parent 99 0 R/StructParents 60/Rotate 0/MediaBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]>>
endobj
107 0 obj
<>/Font<>>>/CropBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Parent 99 0 R/StructParents 61/Rotate 0/MediaBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]>>
endobj
115 0 obj
<>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/XObject<>>>/CropBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Parent 99 0 R/StructParents 62/Rotate 0/MediaBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]>>
endobj
123 0 obj
<>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/XObject<>>>/CropBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Parent 99 0 R/StructParents 63/Rotate 0/MediaBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]>>
endobj
132 0 obj
<>/Font<>>>/CropBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Parent 99 0 R/StructParents 64/Rotate 0/MediaBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]>>
endobj
138 0 obj
<>/Font<>>>/CropBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Parent 99 0 R/StructParents 65/Rotate 0/MediaBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]>>
endobj
19 0 obj
<>
endobj
3 0 obj
<>
endobj
8 0 obj
[/ICCBased 144 0 R]
endobj
144 0 obj
<>stream
HyTSwoɞc
[5laQIBHADED2mtFOE.c}088GNg9w߽ '0 ֠Jb
2y.-;!KZ ^i"L0-
@8(r;q7Ly&Qq4j|9
V)gB0iW8#8wթ8_٥ʨQQj@&A)/g>'K t;\
ӥ$պFZUn(4T%)뫔0C&Zi8bxEB;Pӓ̹Aom?W=
x- [ 0}y)7ta>jT7@tܛ`q2ʀ&6ZLĄ?_yxg)˔zçLU*uSkSeO4?c. R
߁-25 S>ӣVd`rn~Y&+`;A4 A9 =-tl`;~p Gp| [`L`< "AYA+Cb(R, *T2B-
ꇆnQt}MA0alSx k&^>0|>_',G!"F$H:R!zFQd?r9\A&GrQhE]a4zBgE#H *B=0HIpp0MxJ$D1D, VĭKĻYdE"EI2EBGt4MzNr!YK ?%_(0J:EAiQ(()ӔWT6U@P+!~mDeԴ!hӦh/']B/ҏӿ?a0nhF!X8܌kc&5S6lIa2cKMA!E#ƒdV(kel
}}Cq9
N')].uJr
wG xR^[oƜchg`>b$*~ :Eb~,m,-ݖ,Y¬*6X[ݱF=3뭷Y~dó tizf6~`{v.Ng#{}}jc1X6fm;'_9 r:8q:˜O:ϸ8uJqnv=MmR 4
n3ܣkGݯz=[==<=GTB(/S,]6*-W:#7*e^YDY}UjAyT`#D="b{ų+ʯ:!kJ4Gmt}uC%K7YVfFY.=b?SƕƩȺy
چk5%4m7lqlioZlG+Zzmzy]?uuw|"űNwW&e֥ﺱ*|j5kyݭǯg^ykEklD_p߶7Dmo꿻1ml{Mś
nLl<9O [$h՛BdҞ@iءG&vVǥ8nRĩ7u\ЭD- u`ֲK³8%yhYѹJº;.!
zpg_XQKFAǿ=ȼ:ɹ8ʷ6˶5̵5͵6ζ7ϸ9к<Ѿ?DINU\dlvۀ܊ݖޢ)߯6DScs
2F[p(@Xr4Pm8Ww)Km
endstream
endobj
4 0 obj
<>stream
x+ |
endstream
endobj
5 0 obj
<>stream
HUo0>ƓᩪT:R+,Җm$ºs d%ݽwyjYϞݤ߯$܀)JHpaT%\gOE-@l;2+]=J
Z@JDLe$elMxyYVD%0\
[Lymi]յSǶZ gfxRQ<",5)"ViMe7x00YaѰAl 9)@Dt<"Ǥ)W`A~o*۸&O B7 QÑ CՄp=gYX5S!L7&ӰInʤp}fQ.j^=o-2&5ϨIv@nD
4R\p.{]PDCjY3$B@n-<k"H:R3Pp+&`|;