Abstract
Randomness, complexity, chaos, fluctuations, indeterminacy arise as an interest that involves the evolution process of human knowledge in the twentieth century. This thesis will analyze the specificity of chance, present in electronic art.

This thesis aims to introduce and study art applications and theoretical variants derived from random numeric calculation and more specifically, chance, in our contemporary creative environment, in our relationships, observing how they have become a powerful artistic activity conditioner. 

The basis of this study, the quest for questions and answers, is not based on the idea that art can be the work of chance, just because someone accidentally dropped a pencil on a sheet of paper. Chance in the art is to be found in the process of creating as an integral part of the artist biological condition. Something inherent to both transmitter and receiver, taking unpredictability as a phenomenon inseparable from nature. Man as part of a whole, reactive and changing the environment. Influenced-influential, modifier-modified, contaminated-contaminator for and on the environment. 

The research is divided into two large theoretical sections and an independent block where the practical applications of the study will be presented. This content structure is intended to preserve an internal coherence in order to clearly communicate his main idea: the relationship of chance with the artistic production sphere, culminating in the Net based Art chapter. The first two sections are separated by the entrance of the computer in artistic production. 

The first section "Analysis of the concept of chance and artistic practices" introduces the contextualization and the preliminary concepts, key issues to understand the phenomenon: What does chance mean? And how do you draw the line between chance and randomness? Semantics and its interpretation are crucial throughout history when we seek its place in the artistic practices and its relationship precedents with the art of chance. The appropriation of communication flows in art and the internet as media introduces us to the practices that made use of technology and processes such as fax and telephone network as a cord. 

To understand the relationship between chance and art is perhaps necessary to examine its precedents, sometimes involuntary, during the twentieth century.

The second section, "The Art of chance and the Net-Based Art" begins by studying the precedents of chance in Media Art circles and the input of digital computer in art. In this presupposition there will be an analysis of authors and work attached to this trend. This block also includes the chapter ÒArt on the NetÓ about Net.Based.Art: its definition and context and the networkÕs acceptance as an artistic medium, through the same principle of exposition and artistic analysis.

The third and last section "Practical applications" will present the description and analysis of the project REC-Random Experience Construction, developed in 2009 with the collaboration of Jo‹o Martino and Tiago Pedras, presented for the first time in March 2010 in ESAD«s Design Week at Escola Superior de Artes e Design in Matosinhos, Portugal, and the workshop results of Exquisite Corpse8, developed in March 2011 for the same event.

























Tesis Doctoral
El Arte del Azar: Incidencias del Acaso en el Arte Electr—nico

Presentado por: Eliana Penedos Santiago


Dirigida por: Dr. D. RubŽn Tortosa Cuesta
Facultad de Bellas Artes de San Carlos á Dpto. de Dibujo 
Universidad PolitŽcnica de Valencia