Técnicas digitales para el estudio del Patrimonio Defensivo: “Puerta de Almenara” y lienzos sur del Palacio del Gobernador y Plaza de Armas del Castillo de Sagunto (Valencia)

Abstract

[EN] The use of digital documentation and registration techniques in Cultural Heritage is becoming more common every day, thanks to its ability to capture a large amount of data in a fast and efficient process. Its high geometric precision, thoroughness, performance retrieved and especially the generation of high fidelity and precision of architectural good assets make these tools optimal for the planimetric surveys. The work of intervention or conservation of cultural heritage requires a previous graphic registration using different techniques available. This article presents a combined method of implementation of various digital techniques that allow to achieve the most accurate graphic documentation possible. The different results obtained from the use of photogrammetry by drone or by manual camera are discussed. It is intended to seek the standardization and optimization of the process of documentation and value of the Cultural Heritage by combining these techniques. These techniques have been used in a real case: the three-dimensional modeling of various parts of the defensive set of the Castle of Sagunto (Valencia), called the “Puerta de Almenara”, which gives access to the square of the same name, on the eastern side and some walls of the fortification. The Castle of Sagunto is a mosaic of the different cultures who occupied it (Iberians, Romans, Goths, Arabs...). The fortification is located on top of a hill of the Sierra Calderona, controlling even the Mediterranean coastal road and the communication route with Aragon. During the last years, the castle has been immersed, for almost 20 years, in various works of consolidation and restoration to initiatives of the Institute of Cultural Heritage of Spain.