Martínez-Medina, Miquel ÀngelPérez-Martín, Miguel ÁngelEstrela Monreal, Teodoro2025-10-012025-10-012024-05-22https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/227032[EN] Water scarcity will increase in the world in the coming decades due to climate change, especially in areas that currently already have water scarcity, such as the Mediterranean area. In these areas, to guarantee water resources, systems¿ sustainability is necessary to improve demand management and the development of non-conventional resources, such as treated wastewater reuse or seawater desalination. These non-conventional resources are highly energy-consuming; so, reducing energy costs is a key element in developing their use in different sectors, including agriculture. Combining photovoltaic solar energy with seawater desalination by reverse osmosis will reduce the cost of producing water to below 0.36 EUR/m3; so, this resource can be attractive for agriculture, as demonstrated in this work. The arrangement of bifacial solar modules in horizontal single-axis tracking systems increases the energy amount generated from the sun in one hour or more, improving the facility¿s efficiency and reducing the desalinated water cost. The greater distance between the solar module lines, with a ground coverage ratio (GCR) = 0.3, makes for a better environmental integration of the facility and allows the development of agrovoltaic strategies, such as native flora planting and pollinator colonization.Reconocimiento (by)DesalinationPhotovoltaic systemsClimate changeAdapting water resource systemsWater pricesArtículo10.3390/jmse12060859Abierto2077-131202.- Poner fin al hambre, conseguir la seguridad alimentaria y una mejor nutrición, y promover la agricultura sostenible06.- Garantizar la disponibilidad y la gestión sostenible del agua y el saneamiento para todos07.- Asegurar el acceso a energías asequibles, fiables, sostenibles y modernas para todos09.- Desarrollar infraestructuras resilientes, promover la industrialización inclusiva y sostenible, y fomentar la innovación12.- Garantizar las pautas de consumo y de producción sostenibles13.- Tomar medidas urgentes para combatir el cambio climático y sus efectos