Summary. English version.
The preadolescent did not have an own iconography in the art about the middle of 18th century, when a concept of childhood like a human biological state was originated different from the adult. During the 19th century in England, the childhood image and in particular, the one of «little girls», was developed remarkably through literature, the painting, the illustration and the rising photography. The cultural, almost obsessive phenomenon about the childhood image on the part of numerous intellectuals and Victorian artists like John Everett Millais or Lewis Carroll, came to be named «Cult of the little girls», which conceded them an innocent, pure and idealized nature, but on the other hand, it granted mystery and perversity to them. From the 20th century until the present time, the arts and the mass media would take the preadolescent image generated during the Victorian time as bases for the construction of diverse icons and stereotypes of the childhood femininity, like the innocent but ambiguous Shirley Temple in the cinema of the decade of 1930, the provoking scenes with naked little girls of the painter Balthus, the concretion of a feminine icon of sensual and nymphic nature with own name through the Vladimir Nabokov’s novel Lolita, and the repercussion of this one, above all in the last decade in artistic and visual manifestations like the Japanese manga or the child pornography in Internet.