Yellow and orange colourants obtained from annatto seeds and turmeric rhizomes were commonly used in silk dyeing in Spain in the 18th century. Their optimisation, the knowledge from the results of their different dyes, as ...

Valencian historic textiles were commonly woven with coloured silks and natural dyes in the 18th century. The optimisation of analytical methods to extract and classify the dyes used is required to understand not only their ...

Failure of historic textiles is directly related to chemical, physical and mechanical degradation. Chemical processes that take place within the molecular structure of silk (hydrolysis, chain scission, cross-linking) can ...