Background: Ventricular fibrillation is routinely induced during implantable cardioverter-
-defibrillator insertion to assess defibrillator performance, but this strategy is experiencing
a progressive decline. We aimed ...
BACKGROUND Empiric circumferential pulmonary vein isolation (CPVI) has become the therapy of choice for drugrefractory
atrial fibrillation (AF). Although results are suboptimal, it is unknown whether mechanistically-based ...