Diseño y fabricación de una bancada de ensayos para la caracterización y validación del sistema de levitación y del sistema de guiado electromagnético de un prototipo hyperloop

Abstract

[ES] Hyperloop es una nueva tecnología en desarrollo, un innovador medio de transporte compuesto por cápsulas que viajan por un tubo a baja presión, eliminando cualquier tipo de fricción mecánica con la infraestructura. Los sistemas electromagnéticos son los encargados de resolver el problema de la fricción mecánica, pero su carácter innovador obliga a realizar un detallado proceso de validación. El presente Trabajo de Fin de Grado tiene como objetivo diseñar, fabricar, y validar una bancada de ensayos para un sistema de levitación y guiado electromagnético de un prototipo hyperloop. En la primera parte del trabajo se detallarán los requerimientos de diseño, tanto desde el punto de vista del funcionamiento electromagnético, como desde los requisitos necesarios para poder caracterizar el módulo electromagnético y validar el control de un grado de libertad. El siguiente apartado se centrará en el diseño de la bancada, mediante el uso de programas CAD, y de simulación mediante elementos finitos para asegurar la integridad estructural de la misma. Finalmente se detallará la fabricación, montaje y validación de la bancada. Los ensayos realizados a los módulos electromagnéticos permitirán validar el correcto funcionamiento mecánico de la bancada de ensayos y el cumplimiento de los objetivos del Trabajo. El presente Trabajo concluye con los planos de las piezas diseñadas, el pliego de condiciones y el presupuesto, cerrando así un proyecto multidisciplinar.

[EN] Hyperloop is a new technology under development, an innovative transport composed of capsules able to travel inside a tube in a low-pressure environment, avoiding all mechanical friction with the infrastructure elements. Electromagnetic systems are responsible for eliminating mechanical friction, but their innovative characteristics require a detailed validation process. The aim of this Final Degree Thesis is to design, manufacture and validate a test bench prepared to test the levitation system and the electromagnetic guidance of a hyperloop prototype. The first part of the Thesis will detail the design requirements, both from the electromagnetic point of view as well as the needed requirements to characterize the unit and validate the control with one degree of freedom. The next part will be focused on the design of the test bench, using CAD software and finite element method simulation to validate the structural integrity of the test bench. Finally, the fabrication, assembly and validation of the test bench will be detailed. The tests performed on the electromagnetic units will allow to validate the proper mechanical functioning of the test bench and verify the compliance with the objectives of the Thesis. This Final Degree Thesis will finish with the drawings of the designed parts, the specifications, and the budget, closing a multidisciplinary project.

[CAT] Hyperloop is a new technology under development, an innovative means of transport composed of capsules which travel inside a tube in a low-pressure environment, avoiding all mechanical friction with the infrastructure elements. Electromagnetic systems are responsible for eliminating mechanical friction, but their innovative character requires a detailed validation process. The aim of this Final Degree Thesis is to design, manufacture and validate a test bench for the levitation system and the electromagnetic guidance of a hyperloop prototype. The first part of the Thesis will detail the design requirements, both from the electromagnetic point of view as well as the needed requirements to characterize the unit and validate the control of a degree of freedom. The next part will be focused on the design of the test bench, using CAD software and finite element method simulation to validate the structural integrity of the test bench. Finally, the fabrication, assembly and validation of the test bench will be detailed. The tests performed on the electromagnetic units will allow to validate the proper mechanical functioning of the test bench and verify the compliance with the objectives of the Thesis. This Final Degree Thesis will end with the drawings of the designed parts, the specifications, and the budget, closing a multidisciplinary project.