Estudio sobre la influencia del color en la percepción de la profundidad de un plano en un espacio arquitectónico

Abstract

[ES] Son numerosos los arquitectos, artistas y teóricos del color que han experimentado la capacidad del color para alterar la sensación de distancia de un plano coloreado con respecto a un observador, tanto para aproximarlo como para alejarlo. Esta característica perceptiva se explica parcialmente por la fisiología del ojo y depende de la influencia de las tres variables que determinan un color: tono, valor y saturación, No obstante, muchas de las experiencias hasta la fecha se han ceñido al estudio de figuras planas observadas en dos dimensiones y no en colores dispuestos en paramentos incorporados en un espacio tridimensional. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo conocer el estado de la cuestión respecto a este fenómeno, con una revisión bibliográfica de los principales teóricos y estudio de casos, así como una propuesta práctica de aplicación de los resultados en un espacio tridimensional.

[EN] There are many artists, architects and theorists who have experienced the ability of color to alter the sensation of distance of a colored plane with respect to an observer, both to bring it closer and to move it away. This is how the physiology of the human eye allows us to perceive the sensation of distance of a plane and that color influences it. This perceptual characteristic is partially explained by the physiology of the eye and depends on the influence of the three variables that determine a color: hue, value and saturation. However, many of the experiences to date have been limited to the study of flat figures observed in two dimensions and not in colors arranged in walls incorporated in a three-dimensional space. The present work aims to know the state of the art regarding this phenomenon, with a bibliographical review of the main theorists and case studies, as well as a practical proposal for the application of the results in a three-dimensional space. In turn, this work is based on the study of how a color can influence the perception of the depth of an architectural space. This space is translated into the virtual representation of a room, where the walls of the room will be subjected to changes in color and geometric figures, to test the effect they cause in front of the subject in front of them. In this way it is tested which color tends to proximity and which tends to give depth. We also study the possible shapes and figures that are capable of enlarging or dwarfing the perception of it. This room is then reproduced by means of virtual technology. By comparing several images, all the necessary data will be extracted to contrast the different versions.