Centro de Investigación en Métodos de Producción de Software - ProS

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Real-Time Monitoring of Visitor Carrying Capacity in Crowded Historic Streets Through Digital Technologies
(MDPI AG, 2024-10-28) Viñals Blasco, Mª José; Orozco Carpio, Patricio Rodrigo; Teruel, Penelope; Gandía Romero, José Manuel; Departamento de Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica; Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas; Departamento de Ingeniería Cartográfica Geodesia y Fotogrametría; Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura; Centro de Investigación en Ingeniería Mecánica; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Edificación; Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico; Centro de Investigación en Métodos de Producción de Software - ProS; Centro de Investigación en Arquitectura, Patrimonio y Gestion para el desarrollo Sostenible; AGENCIA ESTATAL DE INVESTIGACION; Universitat Politècnica de València
[EN] This paper addresses methodological issues related to the identification and monitoring of visitor overcrowding and congestion situations in historic centres. Once the visitor carrying capacity was estimated for public spaces, taking into consideration the standards of quality and comfort for visitor experience and those related to the desired conditions for heritage assets¿ conservation, digital real-time monitoring tools were implemented in an experimental urban area in Valencia, Spain, in order to know, through the establishment of proxemic triggers, when the standards were violated (or may soon be violated); then, the carrying capacity was exceeded, and management actions may be required. The results show that these digital monitoring tools are very efficient and accurate in micro-scale public spaces, user-friendly and affordably priced.
GIS and HBIM for tourism management: a multiscale challenge
(Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2024-07-10) Orozco Carpio, Patricio Rodrigo; Cornélio Vieira de Souza Rolim, Renan; Departamento de Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica; Centro de Investigación en Ingeniería Mecánica; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Edificación; Centro de Investigación en Métodos de Producción de Software - ProS; Centro de Investigación en Arquitectura, Patrimonio y Gestion para el desarrollo Sostenible; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; Gobierno de España; Universitat Politècnica de València
[ES] Historic cities present complex management challenges, requiring strategies that balance cultural preservation with planning and enhancement efforts, particularly in the context of tourism activities. Digital twins, which integrate various data sources to create spatial databases, offer a promising solution to this challenge, enabling comprehensive views of urban environments and historical structures. Among the key tools employed in this digital transformation are Historic Building Information Modelling (HBIM) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). HBIM provides detailed representations of historical structures, while GIS offers spatial analysis tools for organizing and visualizing data at larger scales, crucial for tourist management. The integration of these tools facilitates informed decision-making processes and supports the development of smart tourist cities. However, to achieve this, it is first necessary to define the levels of information that will be addressed for both. In this document, various elements levels are proposed considering different scales, along with the levels of geometric and semantic complexity they may have. Additionally, it is explored how these data can be represented within a GIS platform.
Analysis of tourist flows and the comfort of guided tours in the Seu-Cathedral district of Valencia using participant observation and digital itinerary monitoring tools
(Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2024-07-10) Teruel, Maria-Dolores; Viñals Blasco, Mª José; Orozco Carpio, Patricio Rodrigo; Departamento de Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica; Departamento de Ingeniería Cartográfica Geodesia y Fotogrametría; Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura; Centro de Investigación en Ingeniería Mecánica; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Edificación; Centro de Investigación en Métodos de Producción de Software - ProS; Centro de Investigación en Arquitectura, Patrimonio y Gestion para el desarrollo Sostenible
[ES] One of the challenges facing tourist destinations is to increase knowledge about aspects such as security concerning its implementation, measurement and evaluation to ensure the comfort of the visit. Tourist groups, both spontaneous and organised, that pass through the historic centre of a city are a permanent and fundamental element in the development of the tourist experience. However, it is necessary to know the routes taken by the guided groups to avoid concentrations of visitors that could impede mobility and hinder the daily lives of other residents. To obtain more information about this tourist activity, this study focuses on the study of the group's situations of insecurity and discomfort during the tour. The methodology consisted of participant observation on the routes usually followed by these guided groups applied to the Seu-Cathedral neighbourhood in Valencia. The Wikilocs tool was also used to monitor the route and detect the number of encounters and places of congestion. The results point to the need to plan the safety aspects of the visits, especially traffic and transit obstacles, the identification of congestion situations and the holding of periodic events, as well as the study of shaded areas and the incorporation of outdoor furniture to increase the number of visitors.
Scan-to-HBIM: automated transformation of point clouds into 3D BIM models for the digitization and preservation of historic buildings
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2023-12-21) Escudero, Pablo Ariel; Departamento de Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica; Centro de Investigación en Ingeniería Mecánica; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Edificación; Centro de Investigación en Métodos de Producción de Software - ProS; Centro de Investigación en Arquitectura, Patrimonio y Gestion para el desarrollo Sostenible
[EN] Three-dimensional digital models of historical buildings must seamlessly integrate a wide array of data from diverse sources, including point clouds, alphanumeric information, 2D and 3D representations, BIM, GIS, images, sensor data, and real-time information streams, among other heterogeneous resources. Centralizing and presenting this multifaceted information cohesively is fundamental for fostering a comprehensive understanding and analysis of these historical monuments. In this context, the article introduces an automated process (Scan-to-HBIM) tailored specifically to transform point clouds into threedimensional models within BIM environments. This innovative approach not only enhances the accuracy in representing historic buildings but also significantly amplifies the level of detail (LoD), enabling a more nuanced representation of architectural structures. The article delves into the Scan-to-HBIM process, elucidating its relevance in the broader context of digitization and preservation of historic buildings, with a particular focus on its application to a sample point cloud. Furthermore, it underscores the pivotal advantages of this approach, emphasizing its proficiency in managing diverse datasets, elevating the level of detail, and exploring practical applications in both BIM and GIS realms.
Study of visitor flows in heritage streetscapes based on counting people using motion-image sensors. The case of Valencia Cathedral (Spain)
(Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2024-07-10) Teruel Resio, Penélope; Viñals, Maria; Gandia, José; Orozco Carpio, Patricio Rodrigo; Departamento de Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica; Centro de Investigación en Ingeniería Mecánica; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Edificación; Centro de Investigación en Métodos de Producción de Software - ProS; Centro de Investigación en Arquitectura, Patrimonio y Gestion para el desarrollo Sostenible
[ES] Historical centres are popular places for tourist visits. The public spaces that make up these urban areas are usually characterised by being narrow streets with difficult traffic and where, on occasions, vehicular traffic is restricted in favour of pedestrian traffic. This historic streetscape, together with the concentration of visitors that usually occurs in these areas due to the presence of important heritage assets and cultural attractions, often leads to situations of physical and psychological discomfort for both residents and visitors, and can even lead to episodes of saturation and occasional congestion with the obvious undesirable consequences for the heritage elements, for the recreational experience of visitors and even for personal safety. Knowledge of the visitor carrying capacity limits of a space is very useful information for local managers when planning and managing a tourist destination, especially when it involves historic centres where the cultural attractions are heritage assets of great significance not only architecturally and artistically, but also socially. Visitor carrying capacity studies make it possible to determine the suitability, size and way in which heritage elements and public spaces can accommodate a given number of people. It is therefore an extremely useful predictive tool. However, as these are highly dynamic spaces, it is necessary to have constant and updated information that allows decisions to be taken even in real time. This work is based on the quantitative analysis and behavioural patterns of visitor flows in the surroundings of heritage buildings through the use of motion-image sensors. The methodology followed for this study is based on the use of CPF-SENSORs (model WTK10070) that count people but do not store the image. Subsequently, data processing was carried out to structure the results and obtain reliable, accurate and easy-to-interpret information. The experimental analysis of this methodology has been carried out in the streetscape of the Valencia Cathedral (Spain). The results confirm the validity of the method used and, regarding the case study, it should be pointed out that the preliminary data have made it possible to establish weekly and daily frequentation patterns, as well as peaks of critical frequentation that exceed the visitor carrying capacity of the Cathedral’s streetscape coinciding with religious or festive celebrations.
Habitar en colectivo: Cooperativa de viviendas en Almenara.
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022-03-11) Eixerés Ros, Josep; Torres Cueco, Jorge; Mejía Vallejo, Clara Elena; Martínez Baldó, Ángel; Departamento de Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica; Departamento de Proyectos Arquitectónicos; Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura; Centro de Investigación en Ingeniería Mecánica; Centro de Investigación en Métodos de Producción de Software - ProS; Grupo de Proyecto Arquitectura
[ES] El proyecto responde ante la necesidad de repensar la vivienda actual gobernada por las leyes del mercado. Se inserta en un enclave rural cuyo valor paisajístico exige una atención a la integración en el paisaje. Se propone un hábitat colectivo entre cooperativistas, edificio y territorio. La propuesta se concreta a través de una serie de piezas que se entrelazan con espacios colectivos respondiendo a la topografía del lugar. El proyecto es consciente de la crisis medioambiental y persigue estrategias para combatirla, desde la construcción hasta la generación de energía renovable.
Analysis of the Current Status of Sensors and HBIM Integration: A Review Based on Bibliometric Analysis
(MDPI AG, 2024-04) Cornélio Vieira de Souza Rolim, Renan; López González, María Concepción; Viñals Blasco, Mª José; Departamento de Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica; Departamento de Ingeniería Cartográfica Geodesia y Fotogrametría; Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura; Centro de Investigación en Ingeniería Mecánica; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Edificación; Centro de Investigación en Métodos de Producción de Software - ProS; Centro de Investigación en Arquitectura, Patrimonio y Gestion para el desarrollo Sostenible; Ministerio de Universidades; AGENCIA ESTATAL DE INVESTIGACION; Universitat Politècnica de València
[EN] This article presents a bibliometric analysis conducted on the implementation of sensor extracted data in the context of Historical Building Information Modeling (HBIM) with a focus on the conservation of heritage buildings. The study utilized recognized databases, namely, Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus. A bibliometric analysis methodology was applied, employing the VOSviewer 1.6.19 software. The results obtained provide a robust overview of the current state and trends in HBIM and sensor research and enabled the identification of emerging trends in the field of preventive conservation. Three promising trends were identified, establishing connections between this field and 4D spatial data management, energy performance, and artificial intelligence. Additionally, relations with climate change were also detected. These trends underscore a significant convergence of technologies and methodologies in the realm of heritage building conservation. The conclusions serve as a valuable contribution to guiding future research in the field of built heritage conservation.
The blue domes of Valencia: the challenge of their digitisation
(Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2024-07-10) Cortés Meseguer, Luis; García Valldecabres, Jorge Luis; Escudero, Pablo Ariel; Departamento de Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica; Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas; Centro de Investigación en Ingeniería Mecánica; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Edificación; Centro de Investigación en Métodos de Producción de Software - ProS; Centro de Investigación en Arquitectura, Patrimonio y Gestion para el desarrollo Sostenible; Centro de Investigación de Tecnología de la Edificación
[ES] The blue domes are perhaps the architectural element that best defines Valencian architecture. These structures, present in numerous historic and religious buildings, beautify the urban landscape and represent the region’s rich cultural and artistic heritage. However, despite their importance, no clear strategic plan exists for their enhancement and conservation. Creating a specialised digital repository for the blue domes of Valencia is an urgent necessity. This repository should include a comprehensive typological classification, documenting each dome's architectural and stylistic characteristics. Advanced technologies such as 3D scanning and photogrammetry can capture and store precise details of these structures. The HBIM methodology can be beneficial, allowing for the integration of detailed data on each dome's construction, materials, and conservation status. A well-organised repository would not only facilitate better heritage management but could also be linked to cultural tourism. Valencia has great potential to attract tourists interested in architecture and history. Promoting tourist routes centred on the blue domes can increase the visibility and cultural value of these elements. Furthermore, the repository could be vital for academic and professional research. Researchers, art historians, and architects would have access to a complete and detailed database, facilitating studies and conservation projects.
The Common Data Environment in Monument Master Plans
(Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2024-07-10) García Valldecabres, Jorge Luis; Cortés Meseguer, Luis; Escudero, Pablo Ariel; Departamento de Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica; Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas; Centro de Investigación en Ingeniería Mecánica; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Edificación; Centro de Investigación en Métodos de Producción de Software - ProS; Centro de Investigación en Arquitectura, Patrimonio y Gestion para el desarrollo Sostenible; Centro de Investigación de Tecnología de la Edificación
[ES] This contribution addresses the digital twin's shared data environment (CDE) role in Master Plans of Monumental Buildings. The essential objective is the preservation of immovable properties for future generations. Researchers in the cultural heritage field have used digital tools to document historic buildings and preserve them infinitely digitally. The question is whether the digital twin and its application can help achieve sustainable building and environment management.The primary document will always be the building itself. However, within conservation, restoration, or maintenance, it is necessary to have an extensive documentary archive where interventions are recorded. The older the monument, the greater the knowledge of the built element must be acquired before any intervention, which requires much time in previous research. Technological advancements and digital repositories make it easier to create digital platforms within Heritage Building Information Modelling (HBIM) because we work with historic buildings.The digital twin is a shared data environment and is a management and recovery tool for architectural heritage. To develop this work, it has been necessary to collaborate with expert stakeholders involved in the management of buildings throughout their life cycles.
Análisis gráfico del proyecto, el sistema constructivo y la estructura de la Fundación Calouste Gulbenkian de Lisboa
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2020-04-01) Eixerés Ros, Josep; Cabrera Fausto, Ivan; Giménez Ribera, Manuel; Departamento de Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica; Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura; Departamento de Mecánica de los Medios Continuos y Teoría de Estructuras; Centro de Investigación en Ingeniería Mecánica; Centro de Investigación en Métodos de Producción de Software - ProS; Centro de Investigación en Arquitectura, Patrimonio y Gestion para el desarrollo Sostenible
[ES] El trabajo analiza el proyecto, sistema constructivo y estructura de la sede de la Fundación Calouste Gulbenkian construida en Lisboa entre 1959 y 1969. Este análisis se realiza fundamentalmente a través de dibujos realizados a mano, con el objetivo de captar la poética del edificio a través de las destrezas artísticas del autor y transmitir así dichas sensaciones al espectador.