A Comprehensive Predictive Model to Predict Droplets Size Distribution in Pressure Swirl Atomizer

[EN] A predictive model is proposed to determine the droplet size and velocity distribution at the beginning of the secondary breakup. Liquid bulk is subjected to three stages of atomization including flow inside the injector, primary atomization, and secondary atomization to change a spray. The flow inside pressure swirl injector consisting an axial air core is a strongly complex two phase flow studied by highly precision coupled level set and volume of fluid method (CLSVOF). Subsequently, breakup lengths, interface deformation, as well as the most unstable frequency mode are calculated by nonlinear stability theory applied to emanating liquid sheet. Application of maximum entropy principle (MEP) is the final stage to predict size and velocity distribution of spray droplets. Based on liquid sheet breakup and conservative equations involving continuity, momentum, and energy, Newton-Raphson method is used to solve MEP equations. The proposed model has no dependency on empirical data in comparison with the usual past researches. The predicted results are shown to be in good agreement with the experimental findings related to performance characteristics and droplets size.