Aportaciones formales a la arquitectura defensiva en Pulia durante el periodo de la Corona de Aragón

[EN] Apulia, with its counties and duchies, was part of the Kingdom of Naples during the medieval period. After French domination, it was integrated into the Crown of Aragon, which meant an italianisation of the kingdom, governed by a faction of the House of Aragon-Italian, started by Alfonso V of Aragon and continued by his illegitimate son Ferrante. During this brief period, two important factors occurred: the introduction of gunpowder and the military technology of firearms, and the change in social organisation at the turn of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. During this period, with abundant conflicts in the area, the evolution of the castles can be observed in a few years, incorporating new construction solutions that would modify the shape of the castle, such as: barbicans, bastions, escarpments and counter-escarpments, fortified towers and ravelins. To obtain these results, a virtual model of some of the most representative castles was recreated using photogrammetric and laser scanning techniques.