Desarrollo y caracterización de polímeros con memoria de forma derivados de mezclas físicas de poli(ácido láctico)- PLA y poli(butilén succinato-co-adipato) - PBSA

Abstract

[ES] El objetivo central del proyecto es el desarrollo de polímeros con memoria de forma utilizando como base poli(ácido láctico) PLA. No obstante, debido a su rigidez y fragilidad, se abordará el desarrollo de mezclas físicas o blends con un poliéster flexible, poli(butilén succinato-co-adipato). Se pretende abordar el estudio de la memoria de forma de los materiales desarrollados desde el punto de vista de la ingeniería del material, fabricación, propiedades y caracterización. Los objetivos parciales son: 1.- Revisión bibliográfica y estudio del estado del arte. 2.- Formulación y fabricación de mezclas binarias de PLA/PBSA. 3.- Caracterización mecánica, térmica, mecánico-dinámica de mezclas de PLA/PBSA. 4.- Estudio de los fenómenos de recuperación y memoria de forma.

[EN] Nowadays, issues about environmental and sustainable development have increased remarkably. For this reason, the researches have been focused on new materials to solve this problem. The poly (lactic acid)-PLA is a polymeric material with properties as biodegradability, biocompatibility, and shape memory among other interesting properties, these properties make PLA an interesting material to use in several areas, one of the most important is in the field of biomedicine, such as sutures, implants, drug delivery, tissue engineering and one of the new application is food packaging. The aim of this project is to take advantage of the well know PLA properties in biodegradation and shape memory field, making mixes with polymers that share PLA properties can improve the deficiencies of PLA has, as its intrinsic fragility. Poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate)-PBSA is one of this kind of polymer, it is a material with high degradability rate, it has high flexibility, excellent impact resistance, and good thermal resistance. These polymers are immiscible, the reason why it is difficult to exploit all the properties of these biopolymers in the new material made. A chain extender "Joncryl" has been used as a compatibilizer to improve the low miscibility showed. By knowing the mechanical and thermal properties of the binary PLA/PBSA blends, it is the start point of going through the analysis of PLA shape memory properties, and polymers based on PLA.