La clase invertida “Flipped Classroom” como recurso metodológico aplicado a la docencia de farmacología

Abstract

[EN] Flipped classroom is a pedagogical model created in 2012 by Jonathan Bergmann and Aaron Sams, Chemistry teachers at Woodland Park High School (Woodland Park Colorado). In this model, rather than taking up limited class time to explain a new concept (often via lecture), the teacher add a variety of learning material (videos, articles, podcast. etc.) to Blackboard before class. The objective is to introduce students to the concepts that they are going to study during class, freeing up class time for more collaborative activities. Learning material includes main concepts and ideas of the unit of study and it can be produced originally by the teacher or it can be acquired from internet. The activity has been carried out during the first semester of the academic year 2018-19 in the subjects Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacology in Pharmacy and Medicine degrees, respectively. Acquired knowledge of students was evaluated by Kahoot tests and a survey was conducted to analyse the student’s opinion about the activity. Kahoot results showed that 80 of the students pass the test. On the other hand, based on the results of the survey, the activity proved to be very interesting for the students. The flipped classroom helped them to clarify concepts and many of them considered that having previous theoretical background is important to understand the activity, although it is not essential.[ES] La clase invertida es un modelo pedagógico creado en 2012 por Jonathan Bergmann y Aaron Sams, profesores de Química en Woodland Park High School (Woodland Park Colorado).En este modelo, el profesor, en lugar de utilizar el tiempo de la clase para introducir nueva materia (vía lección magistral), previamente a que tenga lugar la clase proporciona a los alumnos, a través de la plataforma virtual, material docente (videos, artículos, podcast, etc.) para ayudarles a clarificar la materia objeto de estudio, de manera que puede utilizar el tiempo de la clase para realizar actividades docentes colaborativas. El material docente debe incluir las ideas principales de la unidad de estudio y puede ser creado por el profesor o descargado de internet. Esta actividad se ha desarrollado en el primer cuatrimestre del curso 2018-19 en las asignaturas Farmacología Clínica en el Grado de Farmacia y Farmacología del Grado en Medicina. Basándonos en los resultados obtenidos, la actividad ha resultado muy interesante para los estudiantes. La clase invertida les ha ayudado a clarificar conceptos y algunos estudiantes han considerado que tener conocimientos previos es importante para realizar la actividad, aunque no es esencial.