Resumen:
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[ES] El ácaro del bronceado del tomate, Aculops lycopersici (Tryon) (Acari: Eriophyidae) es una de las plagas más comunes del cultivo de tomate a escala mundial. Elimina el contenido celular de las hojas, tallos y frutos ...[+]
[ES] El ácaro del bronceado del tomate, Aculops lycopersici (Tryon) (Acari: Eriophyidae) es una de las plagas más comunes del cultivo de tomate a escala mundial. Elimina el contenido celular de las hojas, tallos y frutos y provoca un bronceado de los tallos debido a la destrucción de tricomas. La detección y el monitoreo de A. lycopersici en plantas de tomate son difíciles debido a su tamaño microscópico. Los tratamientos químicos no suelen ser eficaces ya que cuando los agricultores observan los síntomas, la infestación ya está muy extendida. Esta tesis tiene como objetivo investigar en el laboratorio la capacidad de diferentes ácaros depredadores para controlar A. lycopersici. Además, se ha seleccionado un ácaro depredador adecuado para el control de la plaga: Pronematus ubiquitus (McGregor) (Acari: Tydeidae), y se han realizado ensayos adicionales de su potencial de depredación y de su capacidad de desarrollo sobre la plaga objetivo. Los resultados obtenidos revelaron que P. ubiquitus se alimentó de todos los estados de A. lycopersici en las hojas de tomate lo que sugiere un elevado potencial para suprimir las poblaciones de A. lycopersici. Por otra parte, al comparar el desarrollo y la reproducción de P. ubiquitus alimentado con Typha sp. y A. lycopersici se ha concluido que A. lycopersici es un alimento adecuado para P. ubiquitus. Se requieren más estudios para evaluar la eficacia depredadora de P. ubiquitus a diferentes temperaturas y para determinar la eficacia del ácaro depredador en cultivos de tomate en invernaderos.
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[EN] The tomato russet mite, Aculops lycopersici (Tryon) (Acari: Eriophyidae) is one of the most common pests of tomato crops on a worldwide scale. It removes cell contents from leaves, stems and fruits and results in ...[+]
[EN] The tomato russet mite, Aculops lycopersici (Tryon) (Acari: Eriophyidae) is one of the most common pests of tomato crops on a worldwide scale. It removes cell contents from leaves, stems and fruits and results in bronzing of the stems due to destruction of trichomes. The detection and monitoring of A. lycopersici on tomato plants are hard due to their microscopic size. Chemical treatments have not been very successful at controlling this pest because, by the time farmers detect the symptoms of the damage, the infestation is already widespread. This thesis research aimed at investigating in the laboratory the ability of different predatory mites to prey on A. lycopersici. Further, a suitable predatory mite was selected through the screening, namely Pronematus ubiquitus (McGregor) (Acari: Tydeidae), and further analysis of its predation potential and studies of its development on the pest were conducted. The obtained results revealed that adult P. ubiquitus successfully preyed on all stages of A. lycopersici on tomato leaves and indicated its potential to suppress A. lycopersici populations. In addition, the comparison of successful development and reproduction of P. ubiquitus on Typha sp. pollen and on A. lycopersici showed that A. lycopersici alone is a suitable food source for
P. ubiquitus. Further studies are required to assess predation at different temperature regimes by P. ubiquitus and to clarify the efficiency of the predatory mite on tomato plants in greenhouses.
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Agradecimientos:
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This thesis has been developed as a result of mobility stay funded by the Erasmus+ -
KA1 Erasmus Mundus Joint Master Degrees Programme of the European Commission
under the PLANT HEALTH Project and was supported in part ...[+]
This thesis has been developed as a result of mobility stay funded by the Erasmus+ -
KA1 Erasmus Mundus Joint Master Degrees Programme of the European Commission
under the PLANT HEALTH Project and was supported in part by the project BALTO (LAtraject HBC.2017.0829) funded by VLAIO, Flanders, Belgium (coordinator Dr Raf De Vis).
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