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Linear programming for the analysis and virtual recreation of historical events: the allocation of the artillery during the Siege of Bilbao in 1874

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Linear programming for the analysis and virtual recreation of historical events: the allocation of the artillery during the Siege of Bilbao in 1874

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dc.contributor.author Rodriguez-Miranda, Alvaro es_ES
dc.contributor.author Ferreira-Lopes, Patricia es_ES
dc.contributor.author Martín-Etxebarria, Gorka es_ES
dc.contributor.author Korro Bañuelos, Jaione es_ES
dc.coverage.spatial east=-2.9349852; north=43.2630126; name=Bilbao, Bizkaia, Espanya es_ES
dc.date.accessioned 2021-07-16T08:14:47Z
dc.date.available 2021-07-16T08:14:47Z
dc.date.issued 2021-07-14
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10251/169361
dc.description.abstract [EN] The current digital technologies development makes it possible to apply new forms of studying historical events considering the geographical point of view. They rely on the location and the relationships among the different elements that took part in them over a recreated space (e.g. relief, roads, rivers); once these elements have been laid out on the virtual space, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) can be used to analyse several factors, such as distances, visibility, connectivity and so on. Nevertheless, the development of the actions was also driven by the aims, needs and beliefs (either wise or misguided) of the people/actors involved in those situations; therefore, some ways of including reasoning would significantly improve the actual recreation and understanding of the episodes. In this sense, “linear programming” is a very versatile tool for system modelling and optimization that is broadly used in many fields (e.g. industry, transports, agriculture, etc.). Likewise, this technique can also be applied to past scenarios to simulate dynamics and cross-check sources. In this text, two models regarding the distribution and the allocation of supplies during the siege of Bilbao, in the framework of the Third Carlist War (1872-1876), from both parties —beleaguerer and besieged— were established based on the war front textual reports. In these models, the scenario is recreated through the system variables (which define the alternatives that can be or could have been taken) and the constraints (which limit the range of action); moreover, the actors’ goals that guided the course of events are defined by the objective. Despite the simplification in the modelling, the results show very interesting hints about the dynamics involved during the processes and are able to highlight some critical issues that significantly conditioned the final results. Besides, the modelling process itself proved to be an opportunity for collaboration between historians and computer scientists. es_ES
dc.description.abstract [ES] El desarrollo de las tecnologías digitales ha posibilitado nuevas formas de estudio de los sucesos históricos desde la perspectiva geográfica. Estos métodos se basan en la localización (sobre un espacio que incluye el relieve, las vías de comunicación, los ríos, etc.) y el establecimiento de las relaciones entre los diferentes elementos que intervinieron en dichos sucesos. Una vez que toda esta información ha sido representada en el espacio virtual, es posible recurrir a los Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG) con el fin de analizar diversos factores como las distancias, la visibilidad, la conectividad, etc. Sin embargo, resulta evidente que el desarrollo de los acontecimientos también estuvo condicionado por las intenciones, las necesidades y las impresiones (tanto correctas como equivocadas) de las personas que intervinieron en ellos; por lo tanto, resulta oportuno pensar que la recreación del desarrollo de los eventos históricos, así como su correcta comprensión, mejorará sustancialmente si se incorpora algún método para simular el razonamiento de los actores. En esta línea, la “programación lineal” es una opción versátil para el modelado y la optimización de sistemas que cuenta con una amplia experiencia en diversos campos como la industria, los transportes, la agricultura, etc. Asimismo, esta técnica de modelado también es aplicable a escenarios históricos con el fin de realizar simulaciones de las dinámicas que se establecieron y como método de validación de las fuentes. En el presente texto, se desarrollan —con base a los informes del frente de guerra— dos modelos relativos a la distribución de suministros durante el sitio de la villa de Bilbao —que tuvo lugar en el contexto de la Tercera Guerra Carlista (1872-1876)— que corresponden a ambas partes (es decir, a los sitiadores y a los sitiados). En los modelos, el escenario se recrea a través de las variables del sistema (las cuales definen las alternativas que pueden tomarse) y las restricciones (que limitan el rango de acción), por otro lado, las metas que guiaron el curso de los acontecimientos se definen mediante el objetivo. A pesar de la simplificación que implica el proceso de modelado, los resultados ofrecen interesantes indicaciones sobre las dinámicas que intervinieron en el desarrollo de los procesos y son capaces de identificar aspectos críticos que, efectivamente, condicionaron los resultados finales. Asimismo, el propio proceso de modelado resulta ser una oportunidad de colaboración entre historiadores y expertos informáticos.  es_ES
dc.description.sponsorship The participation of Gorka Martín and Jaione Korro in this research is supported by the Basque Government through grants for doctoral studies of the call 2019-2020. Figures 1 and 3 are reproduced here with the permission of the Bizkaia Provincial Council Historical Archive (Archivo Histórico de la Diputación Foral de Bizkaia / Bizkaiko Foru Aldundiaren Agiritegi Historikoa). es_ES
dc.language Inglés es_ES
dc.publisher Universitat Politècnica de València es_ES
dc.relation.ispartof Virtual Archaeology Review es_ES
dc.rights Reconocimiento - No comercial - Sin obra derivada (by-nc-nd) es_ES
dc.subject Archaeology of conflict es_ES
dc.subject Battlefield archaeology es_ES
dc.subject Cyber-archaeology es_ES
dc.subject Geographic Information System (GIS) es_ES
dc.subject Nineteenth-century wars es_ES
dc.subject Arqueología del conflicto es_ES
dc.subject Arqueología del campo de batalla es_ES
dc.subject Ciberarqueología es_ES
dc.subject Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG) es_ES
dc.subject Guerras del siglo XIX es_ES
dc.title Linear programming for the analysis and virtual recreation of historical events: the allocation of the artillery during the Siege of Bilbao in 1874 es_ES
dc.title.alternative Programación lineal para el análisis y la recreación virtual de episodios históricos: la distribución de la artillería durante el sitio de Bilbao en 1874 es_ES
dc.type Artículo es_ES
dc.identifier.doi 10.4995/var.2021.15278
dc.rights.accessRights Abierto es_ES
dc.description.bibliographicCitation Rodriguez-Miranda, A.; Ferreira-Lopes, P.; Martín-Etxebarria, G.; Korro Bañuelos, J. (2021). Linear programming for the analysis and virtual recreation of historical events: the allocation of the artillery during the Siege of Bilbao in 1874. Virtual Archaeology Review. 12(25):99-113. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2021.15278 es_ES
dc.description.accrualMethod OJS es_ES
dc.relation.publisherversion https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2021.15278 es_ES
dc.description.upvformatpinicio 99 es_ES
dc.description.upvformatpfin 113 es_ES
dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion es_ES
dc.description.volume 12 es_ES
dc.description.issue 25 es_ES
dc.identifier.eissn 1989-9947
dc.relation.pasarela OJS\15278 es_ES
dc.contributor.funder Gobierno Vasco/Eusko Jaurlaritza es_ES
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