Proyecto de una cámara frigorífica para conservación de fruta en Guinea, alimentada por una instalación fotovoltaica y un grupo electrógeno diésel de apoyo

Abstract

[ES] El presente trabajo abarca el diseño de una cámara frigorífica aislada de la red eléctrica y destinada a la conservación de fruta en una población ubicada en los alrededores de Mamou, Guinea. El proyecto es desarrollado durante un periodo de prácticas en la empresa Espiral World S.L. y tiene como objetivo proyectar una instalación funcional de sala refrigerada, incluyendo el desarrollo de un sistema energético sostenible de alimentación, el cual está basado principalmente en energía fotovoltaica. En los documentos que engloban el trabajo, se calculan y seleccionan modelos comerciales tanto de los componentes del sistema aislante de la cámara (paneles, perfilería, accesorios, etc), como del equipo frigorífico necesario (evaporadores, unidades condensadoras, válvulas de expansión, etc). La cámara frigorífica está alimentada energéticamente por una instalación fotovoltaica con baterías para mantener el suministro en ausencia de radiación solar. De forma adicional, un grupo electrógeno diésel de apoyo suplirá el déficit de energía en ausencia prolongada de radiación solar, sin necesidad de sobredimensionar excesivamente el tamaño y coste de las baterías. En lo que se refiere a la instalación de alimentación, se seleccionan modelos comerciales de todos los elementos mencionados y se diseña el resto de la instalación: cableados, protecciones, etc. Finalmente, se lleva a cabo un estudio de la viabilidad económica del proyecto, cuantificando todos los costes requeridos para su construcción y puesta en marcha.

[EN] The present work coversthe design of cold room disconnected from the electrical grid, which is destined to the conservation of fruit in a population located in the surroundings of Mamou, Guinea. The project is developed during an internship period at the company Espiral World S.L. and aims to design a functional cold room installation, including the development of a sustainable energy supply system, primarily based on photovoltaic energy. In the documents that comprise the work, commercial models are calculated and selected for both the components of the chamber's insulation system (panels, frameworks, accessories, etc.) and the necessary refrigeration equipment (evaporators, condensing units, expansion valves, etc.). The cold chamber is energetically powered by a photovoltaic installation with batteries to maintain supply during absence of solar radiation. Additionally, a diesel generator support will compensate for energy deficits during prolonged absence of solar radiation, without the need to excessively oversize the batteries in terms of size and cost. Regarding the power supply installation, commercial models of all mentioned elements are selected, and the rest of the installation is designed, including wiring, protections, etc. Finally, an economic viability study of the project is conducted, quantifying all costs required for its construction and implementation.

[CAT] The present work coversthe design of cold room disconnected from the electrical grid, which is destined to the conservation of fruit in a population located in the surroundings of Mamou, Guinea. The project is developed during an internship period at the company Espiral World S.L. and aims to design a functional cold room installation, including the development of a sustainable energy supply system, primarily based on photovoltaic energy. In the documents that comprise the work, commercial models are calculated and selected for both the components of the chamber's insulation system (panels, frameworks, accessories, etc.) and the necessary refrigeration equipment (evaporators, condensing units, expansion valves, etc.). The cold chamber is energetically powered by a photovoltaic installation with batteries to maintain supply during absence of solar radiation. Additionally, a diesel generator support will compensate for energy deficits during prolonged absence of solar radiation, without the need to excessively oversize the batteries in terms of size and cost. Regarding the power supply installation, commercial models of all mentioned elements are selected, and the rest of the installation is designed, including wiring, protections, etc. Finally, an economic viability study of the project is conducted, quantifying all costs required for its construction and implementation.