Resumen:
|
Consulta en la Biblioteca ETSI Industriales (7807)
[EN] As a result of most countries oil dependence and environmental problems, many countries are searching new energy
sources for generating electricity. Their main aim is to diversify their supplies and diminish oil ...[+]
[EN] As a result of most countries oil dependence and environmental problems, many countries are searching new energy
sources for generating electricity. Their main aim is to diversify their supplies and diminish oil dependence. In
accordance to these facts, countries forming the European Union are taking part of a common project for promoting
renewable energy sources in order to achieve a certain share of electricity produced by renewables in their national
total energy mix.
In this context, different programmes and policies have been implemented in order to help and accelerate the
development of certain renewable technologies such as photovoltaics. Despite the general declared intention of
promoting this technology, results vary widely depending on the country. Radiation levels affect directly the
efficiency of these systems; nevertheless it can be assumed that it is not the most important one when the size of PV
market in different countries is compared. Germany stands clearly ahead, whereas other countries with better
climate factors haven¿t reached the German level of market penetration. This thesis intends to identify the factors
involved in that process, in which moment their influence is at its highest and what mechanisms can act as blocking
elements, as well as evaluating their interactions and importance of each of them. The role that each of the actors
involved in the PV market deployment and management of the information has been also studied. For achieving this
purpose three countries have been studied with diverse characteristics and with different development rates:
Sweden, Spain and Germany, using this latter as a reference case for its wide experience in this technology.
Photovoltaics usually takes the form of small scale electricity generation plants own by private persons, being for
that reason adequate for energy diversification. As it will be explained in the thesis, the organisation of the electrical
market is determinant for the development of emergent technologies. It is still an immature technology and until it
reaches grid parity, allowing it to be competitive in a liberalised electricity market supporting programmes are being
introduced for compensating the existing gap between generation costs and electricity retail price. When this matter
is approached different questions arise: which is the best supporting system? Does it distort free competitive markets
behaviour? These questions and previous ones are intended to be answered through this thesis.
[-]
|