Measurement of polymeric time scales from linear drop oscillations

Abstract

[EN] The oscillating drop method allows material properties of liquids to be measured from damped drop oscillations. The literature discusses, e.g., the measurement of the liquid dynamic viscosity and the surface tension against the ambient medium, predominantly for Newtonian liquids. We use this method for measuring pairs of material properties of polymeric liquids. Pairs of properties may be measured, since the quantity measured is a complex frequency with a real and an imaginary part. For the measurements, individual drops are levitated in air by an ultrasonic levitator and imaged with a high-speed camera. Amplitude modulation of the ultrasound drives shape oscillations of the levitated drop. When the modulation is switched off, with the levitating force maintained, the drop performs free oscillations which are damped due to the liquid viscosity. The data acquired from the images recorded are the angular frequency and the damping rate which are used as an input into the characteristic equation of the oscillating drop. Our measurements intend to yield either two viscoelastic time scales with the zero-shear viscosity known, or one time scale and the zero-shear viscosity, with the other time scale known. The two time scales are the stress relaxation and the deformation retardation times. The latter is difficult to get for polymer solutions. The present contribution presents results from a large set of measurements of the deformation retardation time. Liquids studied are aqueous solutions of poly(acryl-amides) at varying concentration. The corresponding values of the zero-shear viscosity agree well with the values from shear rheometry. Values of the deformation retardation time differ substantially from the values commonly used in viscoelastic flow simulations. Furthermore, the measured values disagree with the predictions from the viscous-elastic stress splitting approach in linear viscoelasticity. With our study we will provide a consistent set of material properties for the Oldroyd-B model in linear viscoelasticity. This will be important for material modelling in viscoelastic spray simulations.