World Rabbit Science - Vol. 08 (3)-2000

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EFFECT OF BIRTH WEIGHT AND LITTER SIZE AT SUCKLING AGE ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE IN DOES AS ADULTS
MORTALITY IN YOUNG RABBITS : A REVIEW
ALTERNATIVE FEED RESOURCES FOR FORMULATING CONCENTRATE DIETS OF RABBITS. 1. UNTHRESHED GRAIN AMARANTH SEEDHEAD.
ALTERNATIVE FEED RESOURCES FOR FORMULATING CONCENTRATE DIETS OF RABBITS. 2. JACK BEAN (Canavalia ensiformis) SEEDS.
EFFETS DE L'UTILISATION DE LEVURES ENRICHIES EN CHROME SUR LA PRODUCTION DU LAPIN EN CROISSANCE
NOTE: INDUCTION OF PARTURITION IN ANGORA RABBITS BY OXYTOCIN : SOME OBSERVATIONS
RANDOMISED SANITARY STATUS OF ARGENTINEAN RABBITRY

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/10037

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RANDOMISED SANITARY STATUS OF ARGENTINEAN RABBITRY
(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 2000) Martino, P.; Samus, S.; Piscopo, M.; Risso, M.; Lacchini, R.
[EN] A short description of sanitary problems among argentinean rabbit farms (25 familiar and 41 cornmercial units), is presented. This randomized survey was compiled with information provided over the last 5 years by diverse diagnostic laboratories, centres and prívate farmers engaged in this activity. The pathological findings in the 426 autopsied animals, are similar to those described in the literature. Classical digestive and respiratory infections accounted for the most important causes of death : 43,2 and 25,8 %, respectively.
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NOTE: INDUCTION OF PARTURITION IN ANGORA RABBITS BY OXYTOCIN : SOME OBSERVATIONS
(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 2000) Singh, G.; Katoch, B.S.
[EN] The effect of oxytocin to induce parturition in angora does was studied. Retrospective observations were made on pregnant angora does maintained under ideal thermal and photo regulation and hygienic conditions. They were divided into two groups ; Group 1 (18 does), where oxytocin was used to induce parturition and Group 11 (8 does), where no oxytocin was used. To induce parturition, oxytocin (Sandoz®) 1 mi was injected intramuscul~rly on the 29th and 3oth days of pregnancy. Parturition occured in 8 of the 18 does between 12 and 30 minutes after injecting oxytocin. The 10 does did not respond to oxytocin and delivered kits only after two to three days. lt was concluded that oxytocin could induce parturition safely without side effects in does where the gestation period was nearly complete and failed to do so in !hose that still had a time gap of about two days
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EFFETS DE L'UTILISATION DE LEVURES ENRICHIES EN CHROME SUR LA PRODUCTION DU LAPIN EN CROISSANCE
(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 2000) Lambertini, L.; Vignola, G.; Zaghini, G.
[EN] The aim of this trial was to investigate the effects of high chromium Cr) yeast supplemented diets on performance of growing-finishing rabbits. Ninety-six commercial hybrid rabbits, half males and half females, aged 35 days, were divided into experimental groups and fed, ad /ibitum, for 49 days the same basal diet supplemented with O (T1 ), 400 (T2), 800 (T3) or 1600 (T 4) ppb of Cr in the form of chromium enriched yeast. Control diet (T1) was analysed and found to contain 789 ppb Cr, a level which was due to the raw feed materials. The Cr content of all the diets was then proportionally increased. Chromium supplementation did not induce any significan! differences in daily weight gain (32.2 to 32.9 g/d), feed to gain ratio, hot carcass weight, dress-out percentage, kidney deposit , scapular fat deposit, or left hindleg percentage and meat/bone ratio. No differences in Cr level were observed for longissimus dorsi pH and colour. In contras!, the perirenal fat deposit was significantly higher in all rabbits which received the Cr supplementation (1.51 to 1.61 vs 1.02% of the carcass; P = 0.013) This was probably the result of a modification in lipid anabolism, in relation with the insulin activity, and particularly with the stimulation of the Growth Tolerance Factor (GTF) which contains chromium. The liver Cr percentage of T3 rabbits was significantly higher than that of control group (4.94 vs 4.30% of the carcass; P = 0.028). The authors noted a substantial lack of any practica! effects of Cr supplementation on growing rabbit performance under experimental conditions.
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ALTERNATIVE FEED RESOURCES FOR FORMULATING CONCENTRATE DIETS OF RABBITS. 2. JACK BEAN (Canavalia ensiformis) SEEDS
(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 2000) Bamikole, M.A.; Ezenwa, I.; Adewumi, M.K.; Omojola, A.B.; Aken'ova, M.E.; Babayemi, O.J.; Olufosoye, O.F.
[EN] In an eight-week long feeding and digestibility trial, the acceptable amount of heat-processed ( 1 h boiling) jack bean seed that can be used to substitute partially for oil cakes (palm kernel and groundnut cakes) in concentrate diets of rabbits was examined (8 rabbits 7-9 week old of local population per treatment). Four diets were formulated to contain O, 10, 20 and 30 % jack bean seed, respectively. The proximate composition of heat-processed jack bean (27.4 % crude protein, 14.2 % crude fibre and 51.1 % nitrogen free extrae!) showed that it has potential for use in rabbit feeding. Dry matter intake significantly declined with increasing levels of inclusion of jack bean, being 44.0, 46.5, 33.3 and 30.5 g/day at O, 1 O, 20 and 30 % levels respectively. Weight gains declined by a non-significan! 33.4 % with 20 % jack bean and by a significan! 69.9 % with 30 % jack bean inclusion level relative to !he average weight gain of the control (10.6 g/day) and 1 O % jack bean diets (11 .1 g/day). Feed conversion efficiency value was similar for the control and 10 and 20 % jack bean diets (average 0.23), bu! declined by 57 % with 30 % jack bean. The digestibility of DM and nutrients was generally high in ali !he diets, varying between 61 and 87 % ; digestibility significantly declines with increasing levels of jack bean, being about 15 to 20 % lower with 30 % jack bean die!. There were minor changes in the haematological and sorne serum enzyme parameters of !he rabbits, except for !he significantly higher levels of white blood cells and lymphocytes in !he rabbits on 30 % jack bean die!. Serum proteins (total protein, albumin and globulin) were significantly depressed beyond 1 O % inclusion of jack bean. The study demonstrated that good feed intake, digestibility, weight gain and haematological and biochemical responses can be achieved in rabbit with heat-processed jack bean seed replacing expensive oil cakes up to levels of 1 O % in their diets and may be up to 20 %. Serum protein levels were depressed at 20 % level and beyond that level weight gains were also appreciably depressed.
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ALTERNATIVE FEED RESOURCES FOR FORMULATING CONCENTRATE DIETS OF RABBITS. 1. UNTHRESHED GRAIN AMARANTH SEEDHEAD
(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 2000) Bamikole, M.A.; Ezenwa, I.; Adewumi, M.K.; Omojola, A.B.; Adetimirin, V.O.; Arigbede, O.M.; Orisadeyi, S.A.
[EN] The acceptable leve! of inclusion of unthreshed inflorescence or seedheads of mature grain amaranth plants (GASH) as feed ingredient of concentrate diets of rabbits was examined. Four diets were formulated with GASH inclusion levels of O (control), 10, 20 and 30%, respectively, by partially replacing the levels of oil cakes in the diets. These were fed to rabbits in an eight-week long feeding trial (8 rabbits/treatment) and a digestibility trials (4 rabbits per treatment). The initial weight of the 7-8 week old rabbits was 710 g (adult weight of this population is 1 .8 to 2.4 kg). The proximate composition (g/kg DM) of GASH was : 151 crude protein ; 43 crude fibre ; 572 nitrogen free extrae!. lntake and weight gain were reduced with diets containing 20 and 30% GASH but values of the control diet, which were highest, were not significantly higher than those of the 10% GASH diet (daily intake 44 and 37.4 g DM, and weight gain 10.0 and 8.2 g for O and 10 % GASH). Feed efficiency was similar for the 4 diets : 0.22 weight gain/g DM feed intake. Dry matter and nutrient digestibility and feed conversion efficiency of the GASH diets were generally high with minar differences among the diets. Haematological parameters and serum metabolites were generally better with the 1 O and 20% GASH diets than with the control diet but poorer with the 30% GASH diet. Higher white blood cell counts were recorded in the GASH diets than the control. Thus, unthreshed mature grain amaranth seedhead can be used as a componen! of the concentrate feeds of rabbits, up to 10% dietary level, to partially replace expensive oil cakes in the diets.
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MORTALITY IN YOUNG RABBITS : A REVIEW
(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 2000) RASHWAN, A.A.; MARAI, I.F.M.
[EN] Mortality rate of young rabbits is of vital importance in commercial rabbit farming, since it determines the net income of the rabbitries. However, there is no definite proportion for mortality in young rabbits, since it may be less !han 10% in one situation in a given breed and reaches 100% in other situations, in the same breed. This may be due to susceptibility of the genotype to diseases and to the numerous uncontrollable externa! environmental factors. The significan! differences between breeds confirm that mortality can be genetically improved. Within the same breed, kit mortality during the suckling period decreases during the period between 4 and 12 months of doe production, then increases thereafter as age advances up to certain parity. The increase of pre-weaning mortality associates the increase in litter size at birth and reduction of remating interval period, although doe milk yield appeared to be the most importan! factor, in this respect. Thus, ali factors which may decrease doe rabbit milk yield (nutrition, management of the rabbitry, climatic conditions and doe diseases), increase pre-weaning mortality. lmprovement of nutrition (by using feed additives, antibiotics, probiotics, green fodder or natural sources) increases rabbit doe milk. Heat stress and diseases are the most importan! factors that affect post-weaning mortality. lt is worthy to note that young rabbits loss may be avoided to a large extent and health and vigour in the stock can be maintained by applying simple methods for cleanliness and in management. Prevention of diseases is also very importan!, because curative treatment is less successful in rabbits than in many other livestock classes.
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EFFECT OF BIRTH WEIGHT AND LITTER SIZE AT SUCKLING AGE ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE IN DOES AS ADULTS
(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 2000) Poigner, J.; Szendrõ, Zs.; Lévai, A.; Radnai, I.; Bíró-Németh, E.
[EN] A total of 121 Pannon White female rabbits born with low (39-43 g) or high (63-70 g) weight were raised in litters of 6 or 1 O kits. Their reproductive performance (Al practiced 9-11 days after kindling) was controlled for 6 consecutive litters for a total of 300 kindlings. The does' birth weight had a significant effect on the number of inseminations necessary for the first kindling: the higher the birth weight of does, the lower their kindling rate. Later on, however, birth weight no longer affected the conception rate. With higher birth weight, significantly improved doe performance could be expected. Litter size at birth was 12.4% higher (9.52 vs 8.34; P:50.01 ), litter size at 21 days was 9.4% higher (7.64 vs 6.92; P:50.01) and litter weight at 21 days was 5.9 % greater (2.73 vs 2.57 kg; P:50.05) when the doe was born with greater weight. Total litter loss was 21.0% and 8.2% (P:50.01) for the high and low birth weight does, respectively. The size of the litters in which the does had been reared (6 or 1 O) did not influence their performance.

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