World Rabbit Science - Vol. 09 (1)-2001
Tabla de contenidos
- EFFECT OF SOME BIOLOGICAL AND ZOOTECHNICAL FACTORS ON APPEARANCE OF GIANT FIBRES IN THE RABBIT. CONSEQUENCES ON MUSCLE FIBRE TYPE, MORPHOLOGY AND MEAT QUALITY
- EFFECT OF DIFFERENT FEED RESTRICTIONS DURING REARING ON PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE IN RABBIT DOES
- EFFETS DE L'ADDITION DE PROPYLENE GLYCOL DANS L'EAU DE BOISSON SUR LES PERFORMANCES DE REPRODUCTION DES LAPINES 1
- A CRITICAL APPROACH OF THE CALCULATION PROCEDURES TO BE USED IN DIGESTIBILITY DETERMINATION OF FEED INGREDIENTS FOR RABBITS
- DETERMINATION OF THE NUMBER OF REPLICATES REQUIRED TO DETECT A SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TWO MEANS IN RABBIT TRAITS
- ESTIMATES OF GENETIC PARAMETERS IN DANISH WHITE RABBITS USING AN ANIMAL MODEL : II. LITTER TRAITS
- Les teignes des lapins et leur traitement en France: une synthèse.
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/9972
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Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , Les teignes des lapins et leur traitement en France: une synthèse(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 2001) Boucher, S.; Nouaille, L.[EN] In the rabbit, dermatophytosis (ringworm, favus) is mainly caused by two types of fungi, Mícrosporum canis and Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and infrequently by Microsporum gypseum. Fungus develops inside of the epidermis at a skin lesion after initial contamination by one spore or a mycelium fragment. For its development, the mycelium uses skin and hair keratin as substrate. Source of contamination is generally an infected animal (a rabbit but also a cat, a dog, a mouse, ... ) by direct contact or through its hair or skin particles. Raising conditions with excessive temperature, humidity or density favour development of the disease. Dermatophytosis may show a dry, and more or less circular depilated area, a suppurating area or a favus. Ringworm can be prevented by strictly controlled raising conditions, and by cleaning and disinfection of equipment. Vaccines have been described in sorne countries, but are not available in France. The field diagnosis must be followed by an experimental laboratory diagnosis by means of microscopic observation, use of a Wood's light fluorescence test, and mycelium culture. For the latter, a quick culture media kit is available. ldentification of the fungus is necessary for a complete diagnosis. For treatment, different efficient chemicals are available, but their use must be completed by decontamination of equipment (building, cages, feeders, ... ). The following chemicals are known for their antifungus activity : chlorhexidin, enilconazol, griseofulin, lkétoconazol, lnatamycin, iodinated povidone, thiabendazol, sulphur, caustic soda, copper sulphate. Local treatment of the skin is generally associated with oral treatment with griseofulvin (25 mg/kg LW or 750 mg/kg feed during 14 to 28 days) or with ketoconazol. Finally, it must be emphasised that rabbit dermatophytosis can be transmitted to man.Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , ESTIMATES OF GENETIC PARAMETERS IN DANISH WHITE RABBITS USING AN ANIMAL MODEL : II. LITTER TRAITS(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 2001) S0RENSEN, P.; KJAER, J.B.; BREN0E, U.T.; SU, G.[EN] Data from about 1000 litters were analysed to draw inferences of genetic parameters for doe litter traits, using restricted maximum likelihood (REML) procedures based on a doe repeatability model. The traits under analyses were litter size at parturition (LSB = 9.53 on average), litter size at weaning (LSW = 7.63), mortality during pre-weaning (Mort =18,02%), average offspring body weight at weaning (ABW = 7 40 g), and total litter weight at weaning (L TW = 5557 g). The statislical model contained a permanent environmental effect and that was significant for only LSW (0.106). The estimates of heritabilities were 0.188, 0.081, 0.113, 0.196 and 0.194 for LSB, LSW, Mort, ABW and L TW, respectively. Repeatability estimates for these traits were 0.188, 0.187, 0.145, 0.196 and 0.214, respectively. Genetic correlations between these traits were consistent with environmental and phenotypic correlations. The correlation between LSB and LSW was strongly posilive. ABW was negalively correlated with mortality, LSB and LSW. Mortality was strongly and positively correlated with LSB, but negatively with LSW. The correlations of L TW with other traits were favourable, especially strong with LSW and ABW. Thus, seleclion for L TW would result in an effective overall improvement on litter traits.Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , DETERMINATION OF THE NUMBER OF REPLICATES REQUIRED TO DETECT A SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TWO MEANS IN RABBIT TRAITS(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 2001) García, J.; Nicomedus, N.; Carabaño, R.; Villamide, M.J.; Blas, Carlos de[EN] The number of replicates required to detect differences of variable size at severa! levels of significance, has been determined for growth, lactation and digestion traits from the equation : n ~ s2 x t2 x 2Jd2 • Residual standard deviation (s) values have been derived from results obtained with rabbits in our Research Department. An average value of s = 3.93 g/day has been obtained, for instance, in the case of average daily gain, for the average experimental conditions in our laboratory, and from a model including weaning weight as covariate and litter as block effect. This s value increased up to 5.38 when neither covariate nor block was considered in the model. Based on the s values obtained, the number of replicates needed to detect significan! differences between two means for different traits were tabulated for several values of d and levels of significance. These values permit to decide the size of experiment according to the size of the differences to be detected. For example in our average experimental conditions, a sample size of 20 rabbits per treatment would allow to detect as significan! differences (P = 0.05) of 3.0 g/day of average daily gain, 20 percentage units of mortality and 2 percentage units of dry matter digestibility during the fattening period.Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , A CRITICAL APPROACH OF THE CALCULATION PROCEDURES TO BE USED IN DIGESTIBILITY DETERMINATION OF FEED INGREDIENTS FOR RABBITS(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 2001) Villamide, M.J.; Maertens, L.; Cervera, C.; Perez, J.M.; Xiccato, G.[EN] The effect of differences between tested ingredient and basal diet dry matter content and the effect of premix inclusion on the digestible nutrient content of tested feedstuffs are analysed. The calculation procedures to be followed in digestibility evaluation assays of feed ingredients far rabbits are also described by means of examples. The impact of dry matter correction on the estimation of the digestible nutrient content of tested ingredient increases with increasing of differences between the dry matter content of basal diet and tested ingredient, and between the nutrient content of basal and test diet, and with decreasing substitution rate, varying from 0.05% to 9%. Premix correction increases the digestible nutrient content of tested ingredient proportionally to the premix addition (calculated on dry matter basis) and independently of the substitution rate and of the kind of feedstuff evaluated. Nevertheless, the complete correction (both by dry matter and premix) sometimes has a compensatory effect, when corrections act in opposite way.Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , EFFETS DE L'ADDITION DE PROPYLENE GLYCOL DANS L'EAU DE BOISSON SUR LES PERFORMANCES DE REPRODUCTION DES LAPINES 1(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 2001) LUZI, F.; BARBIERI, S.; LAZZARONI, C.; CAVANI, C.; ZECCHINI, M.; CRIMELLA, C.; Università degli Studi di Milano; Ministero dell'università e della ricerca scientifica e tecnologica, Italia[EN] Over a 9 months trial, the effect of propylene glycol (PG) added to drinking water (2%) to improve the reproductive peñormance of does was studied in a commercial rabbitry. Five reproduction cycles were evaluated on a group of 150 does (nulliparous, primiparous and multiparous), normally inseminated (Al) 11 days post-partum. Two methods to induce oestrus were compared to a control group: PMSG (20 UI by subcutaneous injection, 72 h before Al) and PG (2% in drinking water, over 4 days before Al). The number of total born, born alive and weaned kits, as the litter weight at weaning were not influenced by the treatments. lnstead, the kindling rate (64%, 49%, 53% of the Al, for PG, PMSG and control group, respectively) and the mortality rate at weaning (21 %, 18%, 14% for the 3 groups in the same order) showed statistically significant differences (P<0,001 ). PG might be utilised to improve the doe' fertility rate, even if other trials are necessary to specify PG utilisation conditions.Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , EFFECT OF DIFFERENT FEED RESTRICTIONS DURING REARING ON PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE IN RABBIT DOES(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 2001) Eiben, Cs.; Kustos, K.; Kenessey, A.; Virág, Gy.; Szendrõ, Zs.; Ministry of Agriculture and Regional Development, Hungría[EN] Ad libitum fed ten-week-old littermate female NZW rabbits were divided into four equal groups (n=4 x 50) based on their body weight. They were raised during the next 7 to 12 weeks as follows: a control group with ad libitum feeding (C); access to a restricted 130 g daily feed portion per head until 17 weeks of age and 140 g/day until first insemination (130R); one day (24 hours) fasting every week (10); 9 hours' daily access to the diet (9H). When the young does reached 75 to 80% of adult weight (3.4 to 3.5 kg, between 17 and 22 wk of age), the feed supply returned to ad libitum tour days before the first Al, resulting in a 4-day flushing in the 3 treated groups. The does were reinseminated 9-11 days post partum and three consecutive deliveries were investigated. Fertility was significantly higher in nulliparous 10 group (92%) than in the control (70%). Litter size at birth, at 21 and at 35 days of age in groups 130R (8.8, 7.6, 7.3) and 9H (8.9, 8.3, 8.2) while at the same age litter weights of 130R (502 g, 2760 g, 6295 g) and 9H does (543 g, 2848 g, 6761 g) were insignificantly higher than for e ones (8.7, 7.3, 7.0 and 472 g, 2451 g and 6032 g, resp.). The lowest litter size and litter weight of 1 O females could be explained by their smallest body weight throughout the trial. Among the tour groups, the 130R females lost less weight at kindling and they were the heaviest during the lactation period. In general, it was concluded that raising young rabbits with restricted 130 g diet per day or with access of 9 hours' daily feeding time resultad in doe performances that neither decreased nor improved significantly.Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , EFFECT OF SOME BIOLOGICAL AND ZOOTECHNICAL FACTORS ON APPEARANCE OF GIANT FIBRES IN THE RABBIT. CONSEQUENCES ON MUSCLE FIBRE TYPE, MORPHOLOGY AND MEAT QUALITY(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 2001) Dalle Zotte, A.; Remignon, H.; Ouhayoun, J.[EN] Three experiments were carried out to investigate the contribution of sorne factors on the frequency of appearance and on histochemical and morphological traits of giant fibres (GF), and the effect of the GF presence on muscle fibre type and morphology and on meat quality. Experiment 1 tested the effect of the type of muscle (bíceps femoris - BF, gastrocnemius media/is - GM, so/eus - SOL, semimembronosus proprius - SMP, longissimus /umborum - LL, psoas major - PM). Experiment 2 considered the age at slaughter (5, 8 and 11 weeks) and feeding restriction (ad libitum: until 5 weeks of age, followed by slaughter; L-H: 70% ad libitum from 5 to 8 weeks of age, then 90% from 8 to 11 weeks; H-L: the opposite). Experiment 3 took into account the sire genetic origin (INRA9077, INRA3889, Hy+), the dietary energy concentration (H diet: 11.99 MJ DE/kg DM; L diet: 9.67 MJ DE/kg DM) and the age at slaughter (69, 74 or 84 days) at equal body weight (2.5 kg). On all muscles considered, GF were always classified into the 3 fibre types (a.W, a.R and J3R) even though ene or more fibre types were not present into the normal fibres of a given muscle. The type of muscle infiuenced (P<0.001) the appearance of GF (BF> GM =SOL = SMP > LL > PM). The frequency of appearance of GF was reduced as age increased (P<0.05). Animals with GF exhibited the highest pHu ( BF: 5.83 vs 5.76, P<0.05), percentages (BF: 5.3 vs 3.6%, P<0.10) and cross-sectional area (LL: 1643 vs 1243~1m2 , P<0.01) of J3R fibres. lncreasing numbers of GF in BF muscle also led to an increase in percentage of a.R fibres (P<0.05), aldolase activity (P<0.01 ), and pHu (P<0.05).