Ingeniería del Agua - Vol 28, No 2 (2024)
Tabla de contenidos
Artículos
- Evaluación del contenido de metales y metaloides en pavimentos permeables y sus proximidades
- Estudio de la superficie libre de resaltos hidráulicos en cuencos amortiguadores empleando técnicas LIDAR
- Uso de las purgas programadas como herramienta para la mejora de la calidad del agua en la red de agua potable de la ciudad de Valencia
- Modelos de resistencia al flujo en río de montaña: semiempíricos, HEC-RAS y GEP
- Comparación de modelos hidrológicos bidimensionales y semidistribuidos en una cuenca semiárida mediterránea
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/204130
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Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , Comparación de modelos hidrológicos bidimensionales y semidistribuidos en una cuenca semiárida mediterránea(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2024-04-29) Molina-López, Patricia; Burillo-Vidal, Nerea; Carrillo, José M.; García, Juan T.; Ayuntamiento de Cartagena[EN] This study focuses on the comparison of different hydrological programs in a semiarid basin with the aim of providing an evaluation of their performance in the simulation of hydrological processes. For this purpose, two distributed or two-dimensional programs have been evaluated (Iber and HEC-RAS), and a semi-distributed program (HEC-HMS), considering three rainfall events recorded in the rain gauge network of the Confederación Hidrográfica del Segura and a synthetic event with a return period of 100 years. In addition, the behaviour of the models has been evaluated by exposing the digital terrain model to changes to better model it to the reality. The results show that, in general, the Iber model shows greater similarity of the simulated flows with respect to the gauged flows, and that the obstructions present in the basins analysed, on a large scale, do not have a significant influence on the results.Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , Modelos de resistencia al flujo en río de montaña: semiempíricos, HEC-RAS y GEP(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2024-04-29) López-Silva, Maiquel; Carmenates-Hernández, Dayma; Poma-Puente, Rafael; Calderón-Rufasto, Jacinto; Sanchez-Verastegui, William[EN] This paper presents, flow resistance in mountain rivers was estimated by three methods. The Statistical Criterion Mean Squared Error (RMSE), the Coefficient of Determination (R2), and the Taylor Diagram in R software were applied to calibrate the models. The GEP model was optimal for estimating Manning s n with the lowest error of 5%, but it has greater limitations and bias in relation to the HEC-RAS with a similar error. Indeed, new equations were developed to estimate Manning s n for mountain rivers. In relation to the most feasible and reliable method for preparing hydrometeorological risk maps, it was demonstrated that it will depend on the degree of precision and limitations of the type of research.Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , Uso de las purgas programadas como herramienta para la mejora de la calidad del agua en la red de agua potable de la ciudad de Valencia(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2024-04-29) Olortegui-Artica, Christiand; Martínez-Solano, F. Javier; Sánchez-Briones, Carmen; Iglesias Rey, Pedro Luís; Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Medio Ambiente; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial; Global Omnium Medioambiente S.L.; Cátedra Aguas de Valencia, Universitat Politècnica de València[EN] Access to an adequate quantity and quality of drinking water is one of the rights recognized by the United Nations (UN) and the World Health Organization (WHO). In fact, it is explicitly outlined in Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6), Clean Water and Sanitation. While in the European Union, this goal is considered achieved, there have been issues related to water quality. The implementation of pressure management strategies to control leakages by defining district metering areas leads to dead-end branches where water can remain stagnant for a long time with minimal movement. Large residence times of water in these areas contribute to the decay of disinfectants, the formation of disinfection by-products, and the growth of biofilm. Under these conditions, branches are more susceptible to non-compliance with water quality monitoring. In addition to disinfection treatments applied in plants, there are other strategies to improve the quality of drinking water at consumption points, which will be studied in this work. One of these strategies is the use of water flushing that allow renewal of water at stagnation points. These flushes involve water loss which, in a water-deficient country such as Spain, must be minimized. This study compares three methods to determine the minimum volume of flushed water needed to maintain a quality target at acceptable levels. The results show that the combination of a traditional method based on the improvement gradient, combined with a heuristic method such as Simulated Annealing, can be a good option to achieve this goal.Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , Estudio de la superficie libre de resaltos hidráulicos en cuencos amortiguadores empleando técnicas LIDAR(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2024-04-29) Macián-Pérez, Juan Francisco; Vallés-Morán, F. J.; De-Rossi-Estrada, Marco; UPV; García-Bartual, Rafael; Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Medio Ambiente; Departamento de Urbanismo; Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura; Departamento de Mecánica de los Medios Continuos y Teoría de Estructuras; Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería del Agua y del Medio Ambiente; Instituto Universitario de Restauración del Patrimonio; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Caminos, Canales y Puertos; Generalitat Valenciana; European Social Fund; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; Agencia Estatal de Investigación[EN] The present research seeks contributing to the hydraulic jump free surface longitudinal profile characterization in stilling basins. To do so, a typified stilling basin from the United States Bureau of Reclamation (USBR II) physical model was developed, in order to measure the free surface of a hydraulic jump with Froude and Reynolds number values of Fr1=9 and Re1=14.7 104, using LIDAR (LIght Detection And Ranging) techniques. Along with the jump profile, a series of related parameters with relevance in the performance of the basin were also obtained. The results and its comparison with bibliographic data and expressions showed that the employed techniques are able to achieve a proper characterization of the hydraulic jump free surface, which points out to the potential of the instrumentation. The results also support the performance of the analyzed basin and its utility to reduce de hydraulic jump dimensions and still ensure the energy dissipation capacity.Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , Evaluación del contenido de metales y metaloides en pavimentos permeables y sus proximidades(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2024-04-29) Lekuona-Orkaizagirre, Ainhoa; Meaurio, Maite; Gredilla, Ainara; Madrazo-Uribeetxebarria, Eneko; Carrero, Jose Antonio; Garmendia-Antín, Maddi; Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea[EN] In this work, the content of some metals and metalloids in an area with permeable pavements has been determined. First, urban sediment samples from the permeable and impermeable zones have been analysed and the influence that the antecedent dry period has on the accumulation of metals has been observed. Then, the content of metals in the permeable material has been analysed and finally, urban runoff has been compared with the runoff that has passed through permeable pavements. Sediment results show that temporal variable is not significant for most metals and metalloids; however, differences have been observed between the sediments of permeable and impermeable pavement. Regarding water samples, permeable pavements have provided benefits in the physicochemical properties, especially in the reduction of turbidity and thus, of suspended solids (TSS). In dissolved metals, a decreasing trend have been observed for some metals and metalloids, but not for all. It could be considered to compare several samplings after rainfalls of different intensity to obtain more information about the influence of permeable pavements on the quality of urban runoff.