Virtual Archaeology Review - Vol 08, No 17 (2017)

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Research articles

  • Delivering and using 3D models on the web: are we ready?
  • Historical imprints and virtual representation issues in Mid-Byzantine Acrocorinth Castle
  • Rebuilding Palmyra virtually: recreation of its former glory in digital space
  • Recreating a medieval urban scene with virtual intelligent characters: steps to create the complete scenario
  • Design of a virtual tour for the enhancement of Llíria’s architectural and urban heritage and its surroundings
  • Digitization of religious artifacts with a structured light scanner
  • Digital heritage training for historians in Europe: a local proposal
  • Combined use of digital nightlight photography and photogrammetry in the process of petroglyphs documentation: the case of Alcázar de San Juan (Ciudad Real, Spain)
  • 3D environment for the analysis and virtual reconstruction of the archaeological fieldworks at Cocina Cave (Dos Aguas, Valencia, Spain)
  • 3D modelling of the Salesian mission Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria cemetery (Río Grande, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina)

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/90122

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    Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto ,
    3D modelling of the Salesian mission Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria cemetery (Río Grande, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina)
    (Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017-07-26) Salerno, Melisa A.; Hereñú, Daniel; Rigone, Romina C.; Guichón, Ricardo A.
    [EN] The Salesian mission Nuestra Señora de La Candelaria operated between the late 19th and the mid-20th centuries in Río Grande (Tierra del Fuego, Argentina). Its cemetery still holds the remains of indigenous and religious people who lived in the institution, and settlers who lived nearby. For some years, the place has received the attention of a research project interested in discussing the dynamics of colonial relationships in Tierra del Fuego. The cemetery has a long history of changes, and even though it was declared part of the national and provincial heritage, its preservation conditions are relatively poor. In this article we present the work carried out to produce a 3D model of the cemetery, combining information obtained by planialtimetric and photographic survey. The result represents a detailed and photorealistic record of the materiality of the cemetery at present. Therefore, it does not only provide a relevant tool to colaborate in the promotion and protection of the archaeological heritage. It also provides a platform for future 3D modelling of historical images of the cemetery, with different research goals.
  • Miniatura
    Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto ,
    3D environment for the analysis and virtual reconstruction of the archaeological fieldworks at Cocina Cave (Dos Aguas, Valencia, Spain)
    (Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017-07-26) Diez Castillo, Agustín; Cortell Nicolau, Alfredo; García Puchol, Oreto; Escribá Ruiz, Pilar; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad
    [EN] In this paper we present our procedure for digitising fieldwork information on the fly (data management), and its combination with the virtual reconstruction of the stratigraphy (virtualisation), of the Cueva de la Cocina site in Dos Aguas (Valencia, Spain). The main tool for the Geographic Information System (GIS) implementation has been OpenJUMP, whilst for the three-dimensional (3D) recreation of the cave virtual environment MeshLab, ParaView, CloudCompare and R open software have been used. According to the data recovered during the two last field seasons at the cave -2015 and 2016-, we present the current state of the stratigraphy virtualisation in the excavated sectors. We also provide not only a general view of the cave, but also different points of view to incorporate distinct geomatics tools into archaeological research. The computer treatment of the data collected in the field provides a better understanding of their spatial relations; which in turn facilitates its analysis and interpretation as well as the realisation of virtual profiles. In the same way, the differences in the frequency of materials belonging to adjacent and/or superimposed stratigraphical units, as well as the total quantities, volumetry and density of the artefacts, with respect to their own stratigraphical unit, or even the whole excavated area, can also be analysed. The combination of both approaches -data management and virtualisation- allows us to integrate geographic information technologies in the daily life of the Mesolithic and Neolithic communities, of which the virtual reconstruction of the different test pits carried out in Cueva de la Cocina constitutes a perfect example.
  • Miniatura
    Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto ,
    Combined use of digital nightlight photography and photogrammetry in the process of petroglyphs documentation: the case of Alcázar de San Juan (Ciudad Real, Spain)
    (Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017-07-26) López-Menchero Bendicho, Víctor Manuel; Marchante Ortega, Ángel; Vincent, Matthew; Cárdenas Martín-Buitrago, Ángel Javier; Onrubia Pintado, Jorge; Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha
    [EN] For decades, the documentation of rock art has been the backbone of the research on this cultural practice. However, traditional techniques used for this purpose have proved to be imprecise and subjective. With the advent of the digital age there has been a revolution in the field of rock art documentation in general and in particular for petroglyphs. Techniques such as digital nightlight photography or three-dimensional (3D) photogrammetry have opened a world of possibilities. In the case of nightlight photography, its use goes back to the second half of the 20th century. However, in recent years the emergence of high-power digital cameras along with new lighting systems unthinkable decades ago, such as tactical flashlights, have rejuvenated a technique that seems incombustible. After the numerous tests carried out by the DIPAR (Integral Rock Art Documentation System) project team, it has become evident that, correctly employed, this technique still has immense potential in the field of rock art documentation, especially if we take into consideration its low cost and ease of use. Photogrammetry, on the other hand, is shown as the perfect complement to the records obtained through digital nightlight photography. The possibility of applying filters or shaders that increase the visibility of the digitized petroglyphs, within a metric scheme, is a great advance in their documentation. This paper explores the advantages associated with these techniques with a case study: unpublished petroglyphs of Alcázar de San Juan (Spain).
  • Miniatura
    Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto ,
    Digital heritage training for historians in Europe: a local proposal
    (Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017-07-26) Ruiz Gil, José-Antonio; Universidad de Cádiz
    [EN] This paper presents a proposal for the use of digital resources to improve the university curriculum for historians in particular and heritage managers in general. It is possible to develop the sector, providing more employment and promoting theoretical and methodological changes conducive to mutual progress. To achieve this, the proposal takes into account the recent legal reforms in education and within the European Digital Single Market. However, although such changes are possible given that there is already extensive experience in heritage digitisation, they are hindered by the current curricula content and slow implementation of competency-based education. The desk research reported here focused on a Spanish context that could benefit from curriculum development implemented elsewhere, and the resulting proposal for positive action was explored in the context of history and heritage education at the University of Cadiz.
  • Miniatura
    Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto ,
    Digitization of religious artifacts with a structured light scanner
    (Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017-07-26) Graciano, Alejandro; Ortega, Lidia; Segura, Rafael J.; Feito, Francisco R.; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; Universidad de Jaén
    [EN] The digitization process for religious artifacts is subject to inherent difficulties often ignored in theoretical models or pipelines. In this paper we aim to describe these problems, which are present in practical environments such as temples and churches, using white light scanners instead of other common devices or technologies such as laser scanners and photogrammetry. Our case study is based on the digitization of two religious statues belonging to a Catholic brotherhood located in a village of the Province of Jaén (Spain), one of them presenting especially several limitations. After performing the scanning process with a portable hand-held scanner, the images captured were processed until the final models were acquired. On the basis of the results obtained, we discuss the problems arising after using well-known procedures for the reconstruction of 3D models, their causes and some possible solutions to achieving a correct digitization. It should be noted that it is not the aim of this study to establish procedures for the digitization of religious artifacts, but rather to transmit the inherent constraints of these types of scenes.
  • Miniatura
    Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto ,
    Design of a virtual tour for the enhancement of Llíria’s architectural and urban heritage and its surroundings
    (Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017-07-26) Maícas, José Miguel; Viñals, María José; Ajuntament de Llíria
    [EN] The Information Technology and Communications (ICT) have revolutionized the way to present and promote the heritage sites. These ICT also offer scholars, students and visitors unprecedented access to architectural, historical, geographical, archaeological, iconographical and anthropological data, among other. It is noted also that virtual heritage environments are inherently fascinating and possess essential properties to have a positive effect on supporting heritage conservation and education. This paper is concerned with the potential of these ICT developments for improving the enhancement of the heritage sites of the town of Llíria and its surroundings (Valencia, Spain) by mean of a virtual tour (“Edeta 360º”) based on 360º panorama photos. The “Edeta 360º” virtual tour is an immersive application that places the viewers inside the image, enabling them to significantly enhance position awareness and providing the highest level of functionality for viewing, capturing and analysing virtual data. It can appropriately and effectively be utilised to facilitate intellectual and physical access to public by bringing knowledge, awareness and appreciation about the heritage of Llíria while, at the same time, authenticity is preserved. The undertaking method to create this interactive virtual tour is based on an easy procedure with off-the-shelf equipment and using both freely available software to address the process of photo stitching that combines multiple photographic images with overlapping fields of view to produce a segmented panorama or high-resolution image. Each panorama contains hotspots that enable the users to further explore the surroundings. The virtual tour provides the user the ability to navigate a scene through the rotation and zoom functions. This application results very appealing and has been adopted as a mean for information, dissemination, education and tourism purposes.
  • Miniatura
    Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto ,
    Recreating a medieval urban scene with virtual intelligent characters: steps to create the complete scenario
    (Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017-07-26) Cláudio, Ana Paula; Carmo, Maria Beatriz; de Carvalho, Alexandre Antonio; Xavier, Willian; Antunes, Rui Filipe; European Commission; Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
    [EN] From historical advice to 3D modeling and programming, the process of reconstructing cultural heritage sites populated with virtual inhabitants is lengthy and expensive, and it requires a large set of skills and tools. These constraints make it increasingly difficult, however not unattainable, for small archaeological sites to build their own simulations. In this article, we describe our attempt to minimize this scenario. We describe a framework that makes use of free tools or campus licenses and integrates the curricular work of students in academia. We present the details of methods and tools used in the pipeline of the construction of the virtual simulation of the medieval village of Mértola in the south of Portugal. We report on: a) the development of a lightweight model of the village, including houses and terrain, and b) its integration in a game engine in order to c) include a virtual population of autonomous inhabitants in a simulation running in real-time.
  • Miniatura
    Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto ,
    Rebuilding Palmyra virtually: recreation of its former glory in digital space
    (Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017-07-26) Denker, Ahmet
    [EN] This paper addresses the role of the digital tools and methods in the preservation of cultural heritage. As the destruction of Palmyra made international headlines, digital tools emerged as a key tool to fight back against the total deletion of the heritage site from memories. Palmyra in Syria had been, with its Corinthian colonnades, theatre and splendidly built temples to ancient gods, source of inspiration and imagination for Western architecture. In this paper, the aim is reviving the lost reality of Palmyra by digitally reconstructing its “ghost images” from rubbles. The paper offers a glimpse of the grandeur and beauty of the ruins of Palmyra, none of which any longer remains in its entirety. 3D models of the most significant structures of Palmyra, including Temple of Bel and Temple of Baalshamin which have been levelled as a result of conflict based vandalism, as well as the Grand Colonnaded Street and the theatre are presented as “ghost images” through reconstructed 3D models. The focus has been in maintaining the accuracy and validity of the visualised data of the relics and environment of Palmyra, as they were once extant. Following the trauma caused by the destruction of Palmyra, these reconstructions revive in our memory the splendour of the city in the Greco-Roman Period.
  • Miniatura
    Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto ,
    Historical imprints and virtual representation issues in Mid-Byzantine Acrocorinth Castle
    (Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017-07-26) Athanasoulis, Demetrios; Simou, Xeni; Zirogianni, Theodora; National Strategic Reference Framework, Grecia; Ministry of Culture and Sports, Grecia
    [EN] Fortified architecture of medieval times in Greece is a research field with several challenges for the scholars such as the absent of plans and written sources. The current study investigates how digital documentation methods can contribute to the extraction of archaeological information from the actual material sources -the various building traces. This relation between survey and interpretation will be presented through the case of Acrocorinth Castle. The survey of a smaller area of the fortification between the 2nd and 3rd defence line of Acrocorinth was executed in order to create a three dimensional (3D) representation for the Middle-Byzantine Phase of the castle. The project was implicated in the frame of the creation of the web-platform ecastles.culture.gr for the promotion of fortified architecture in Peloponnese under the Hellenic Ministry of Culture (25th Ephorate of Byzantine Antiquities, Argolid Ephorate of Antiquities). In the present study the surveying method and the step by step graphic reconstruction will be initially presented. Subsequently, it will be analysed how the digital survey led to the gradual modulation of the castle's historic form and how the scenarios of building phases' evolution were made.
  • Miniatura
    Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto ,
    Delivering and using 3D models on the web: are we ready?
    (Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017-07-26) Scopigno, Roberto; Callieri, Marco; Dellepiane, Matteo; Ponchio, Federico; Potenziani, Marco; European Commission
    [EN] Digital technologies are now mature for producing high quality digital replicas of Cultural Heritage (CH) assets. The research results produced in the last decade ignitedan impressive evolution and consolidation of the technologies for acquiring high-quality digital three-dimensional (3D)models, encompassing both geometry and color. What remains still an open problem is how to deliver those data and related knowledge to our society. The web is nowadays the main channel for the dissemination of knowledge. Emerging commercial solutions for web-publishing of 3D data are consolidating and becoming a de-facto standard for many applications(e-commerce, industrial products, education, etc.).In this framework, CH is a very specific domain, requiring highly flexible solutions. Some recent experiences arepresented, aimed at providing a support to the archival of archaeological3Ddata, supporting web-based publishing of very high-resolution digitization results and finally enabling the documentation of complex restoration actions. All those examples have been recently implemented on the open-source 3D Heritage Online Presenter (3DHOP)platform, developed at CNR-ISTI