Modelling in Science Education and Learning - Vol. 06, Núm. 1 (2013)

Tabla de contenidos

Modelización en Enseñanza Secundarial

Innovación en la educación matemática: más allá de la tecnología
Reflections from European examples on the teaching of modelling
Problemas de estimación de magnitudes no alcanzables: una propuesta de aula a partir de los modelos generados por los alumnos
Primeros pasos con las tareas de modelización en secundaria
Una propuesta para trabajar la proporción desde el arte
Contribuciones de la modelización al desarrollo de las competencias básicas

Laboratorios informáticos

El flujo óptico como herramienta para el vídeo-análisis de fenómenos físicos
Modelo para el trazado de una carretera entre dos paraboloides
Modelización no lineal de secciones aeronaúticas con EXCEL-SOLVER©
Generación de fractales a partir del método de New
Analysis of Oscillations in a Cableway: Wind Load Effects
Círculos de Mohr: un laboratorio virtual para la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de estados tensionales planos
Ophthalmic: Laboratorio virtual para el diseño de nuevas lentes oftálmicas

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/100640

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Mostrando 1 - 13 de 13

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Ophthalmic: Laboratorio virtual para el diseño de nuevas lentes oftálmicas multifocales
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2013-06-02) Calatayud, Arnau; Remón, Laura; Monsoriu, Juan A.; Giménez, Fernado; Furlan, Walter D.; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; Generalitat Valenciana; Universitat Politècnica de València
[EN] This work presents a new virtual laboratory, OPHTALMIC, developed with MATLAB GUI for using in Optics and Optometry courses as a computer tool for studying the focusing properties of multifocal diffractive both on unconventional structures both periodic and aperiodic. This virtual laboratory enables students to quickly and easily analyze the influence of the different parameters of construction and find the best solution for a user.
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Círculos de Mohr: un laboratorio virtual para la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de estados tensionales planos
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2013-06-02) Jimenez Mocholi, Antonio José; Giménez-Palomares, Fernando; Lapuebla-Ferri, Andrés; Departamento de Mecánica de los Medios Continuos y Teoría de Estructuras; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial
[EN] Linear elasticity is a discipline that studies the elastic solid under external forces that generate a mechanical response in linear elastic regime. In particular, it is of special interest to study the stresses and strains at any point of the solid, which is known as the elastic problem. Moreover, the problem of plane stress state -that is, in two dimensions- it is very common in engineering. Prior to its study, it is necessary to first obtain the so-called stress state in the differential vicinity around a point of the elastic solid, then calculating the different values that can reach the tensions at that point in any direction. This paper shows a virtual laboratory based on the graphical method called Mohr's Circle -attributed to engineer Otto Christian Mohr (1835-1918)- which allows to represent the stress state at a point from a user-defined set of variables. The virtual laboratory MOHR, implemented with the MATLAB package through its graphical user interface (GUI), allows full interactivity and can obtain the values of the stresses in any direction. This application is an excellent tool to support the teaching and learning process of mechanics-related subjects in engineering studies.
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Analysis of Oscillations in a Cableway: Wind Load Effects
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2013-06-02) Gustincic, Jan; Garcia-Raffi, Lluís M.; Universitat Politècnica de València
[EN] The purpose of this paper is to develop and investigate a non-linear model for analysing the reaction of a self-detachable cabin monocable ropeway exposed to a sudden deceleration and wind forces. The First and Second Newton's Law and Differential Equations are the basic tools for building the model. Furthermore a few basic considerations have been made about the air “dragging and lifting" forces that induce oscillations and vibrations in mechanical systems alike. All the numerical data used for the simulation was taken from a ropeway in the skiing site of Ravascletto-Zoncolan in the North- East of Italy.
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Generación de fractales a partir del método de Newton
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2013-06-02) Marín, María José; Giménez, Fernando; Monsoriu, Juan A.; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; Universitat Politècnica de València; Generalitat Valenciana
[EN] A large number of fractals known, as Julia fractals and Mandelbrot, can be generated from an iterative method. In this paper we present a virtual laboratory developed as a Graphical User Interface (GUI) of Matlab that allows us to study and visualize in real time the relationship between Newton iterative methods of two variables and the generation of fractals. The main objective is to allow Technical School students in Numerical Computation subjects to acquire the skills to generate fractals and interpret their plots in terms of the convergence or divergence speed of the sequence of iterated.
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Modelización no lineal de secciones aeronaúticas con EXCEL-SOLVER©
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2013-06-02) Lázaro, Mario; Pérez Aparicio, José Luis; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Aeroespacial y Diseño Industrial; Departamento de Mecánica de los Medios Continuos y Teoría de Estructuras; Instituto Universitario de Matemática Pura y Aplicada
[EN] The program MICROSOFT-EXCEL© has a great popularity in the professional world of engineering-consulting. The authors are aware of that from own experience. This is the reason that has led us to implement a nonlienar model to predict the ultimate strenght of fuselage and wings structures. The didactic methology has been developed for the subject Aircraft Structural Design in the 4th course of Aeronautical Engineering studies at the Polythecnic University of Valencia. The students show a high level of satisfaction since they learn nonlinear computational methods, valid for real structures; they are capable of the implementation with help of the very visual and handle tool MICROSOFT-EXCEL© (without programming code) and finally they solve nonlinear optimization problems with the numerical analysis complement SOLVER ©.
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Modelo para el trazado de una carretera entre dos paraboloides
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2013-06-02) Lorente Arreba, Víctor José; Jiménez Fernández, Eduardo; Vicent Ferrando, Lorena; Universitat Politècnica de València
[EN] We present a classroom task that consists to model the path of the road between two paraboloid surfaces. The purpose of this paper is to teach the differential calculus using mathematical modeling as a teaching tool. The context of the engineering design of a highway serves as a vehicle for teaching and learning the mathematical contents necessary for driving the task.
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El flujo óptico como herramienta para el vídeo-análisis de fenómenos físicos
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2013-06-02) Hueso, Jose Luis; Riera, Jaime; Ginestar, Damián
[EN] The optical flow analysis is presented as a useful tool to characterize the movement of a body in an automatic way using a digital video. This technique allows to substitute a complex experimental set-up by a video recording system, which is easily available since the large development in the last years of the multi-media systems. Some results obtained from the analysis of different experiments are shown and the possible use of this kind of technique in a teaching laboratory is discussed.
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Contribuciones de la modelización al desarrollo de las competencias básicas
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2013-06-02) Sol, Manel
[EN] For many years modelling activities have not been a common practice in the classroom despite having a wide recognition of their educational interest. Burkhardt i Pollack (2006) justify it by a lack of supporting materials and Antonius et al. (2007) indicate an insufficient guidance on teaching strategies. From this starting point some ideas are proposed to overcome these difficulties. The article is organized in three sections. In the first section shown relationship between modelling and curriculum. Moreover, the catalan curriculum is highlighted as it promotes mathematical projects, in the secondary education. In fact, project research (Projecte de recerca) and Research work (Treball de recerca) are two compulsory subjects in Catalonia which fit in with modelling activities. The second section, some activities are shown that can serve as an example to teachers. And also the teaching of skills in modelling activities. The last section shows the contributions of modelling activities to the development of basic competencies of current curriculum thus increasing their interest.
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Una propuesta para trabajar la proporción desde el arte
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2013-06-02) Ferrando, Irene; Segura, Carlos
[EN] We present a proposal addressed to students of the first courses of ESO. Through these activities, pupils will work concepts related with proportionality. Our proposal is developed along art history, the students will acquire skills related with proportionality through the uses the artists have done throughout history. Through a route beginning in ancient Egypt and ending in today Athens, students will act as the artists, architects or even tour guides to deal with technical problems and solve them mathematically. Some of the activities have been already implemented in the project Estalmat CV (a mathematic stimulation program for talented students) and later adapted to a conventional classroom of the first courses of ESO.
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Primeros pasos con las tareas de modelización en secundaria
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2013-06-02) Gallart Palau, Cèsar; Garcia-Raffi, Lluís M.; Universitat Politècnica de València
[EN] The growing importance of skills in our education system emphasizes the need not only of methodological changes in the teaching of mathematics in compulsory secondary education, but also to design new tools to develop the basic competences in general and mathematical competence in particular our students. The problems of modelling, in the context of realistic mathematics education, become an important tool for this purpose. In this paper we describe the design and implementation of a pilot activity modelling with students aged 15-16 as a first step in the introduction of this type tasks in the programming course.
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Problemas de estimación de magnitudes no alcanzables: una propuesta de aula a partir de los modelos generados por los alumnos
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2013-06-02) Albarracín, Lluís; Gorgorió, Núria
[EN] In this paper we present a proposal to introducing modeling in Secondary School classrooms. The proposal is based on the use of a set of Fermi problems related to estimating large quantities. It uses the results of a previous study which describes the strategies proposed by the students to solve this kind of problems.
Access status: Abierto ,
Reflections from European examples on the teaching of modelling
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2013-06-02) Cabassut, Richard
[EN] Recommendations of European parliament and Rocard‘s report invite to develop the teaching of modelling. The European Commission programmes like LEMA, PRIMAS and STEAM support the development of resources, training and research on the teaching of modelling. We will study European examples about the teaching of modelling, from secondary and tertiary education and from pre-service and in-service teachers training. They point the different levels of determination and the different didactic questions related to students and teachers practices and to mathematical and didactical organisations. The example of the European program LEMA illustrates a teacher training course on modelling and the difficulties to implement a teaching of modelling. We will present some recent results of research bringing challenges for the teaching of modelling. The idea of this talk is to take examples in Europa about the teaching of modelling in order to reflect on this teaching. In a first time we will browse the institutional context from global to local where the teaching of modelling takes place by giving examples from Europe. Then we develop one of these examples, the LEMA project, in order to reflect on teaching of modelling by illustrating with recent researches.
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Innovación en la educación matemática: más allá de la tecnología
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2013-06-02) Llinares, Salvador
[EN] Relationships between mathematical competence and mathematics teaching innovation do emerge the need for new practices of mathematics teaching. One of the aspects of this new practice is the interaction patterns in the classroom characterizing the mathematical discourse. From these perspectives, the relation between innovation and new mathematics practices defines different contexts for professional development of mathematics teacher.

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