World Rabbit Science - Vol. 07 (2)-1999
Tabla de contenidos
- RABBIT PRODUCTION IN NIGERIA : SOME ASPECTS OF CURRENT STATUS AND PROMOTIONAL STRATEGIES
- ESTIMATES OF GENETIC PARAMETERS IN DANISH WHITE RABBITS USING AN ANIMAL MODEL : I. GROWTH AND CARCASS TRAITS
- TOWARDS REDUCED FEEDING COSTS, DIETARY SAFETY AND MINIMAL MINERAL EXCRETION IN RABBITS : A REVIEW
- FEEDING AND MEAT QUALITY IN RABBITS: A REVIEW
- SMALL-SCALE RABBIT MEAT PRODUCTION IN THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE : BACK TO BASICS ?
- EARLY PREGNANCY DIAGNOSIS IN THE RABBIT BY REAL TIME ULTRASONOGRAPHY
- AIR TRANSFER OF DAY-OLD RABBITS INTO TRINIDAD (WEST INDIES)
- EGRAN : AN EUROPEAN GROUP FOR RABBIT NUTRITION PRESENTATION AND ACTIVITY
- EFFECT OF CHANGE OF CAGE AND/OR 44H MOTHER-LITTER SEPARATION ON PRODUCTIVITY OF NON-RECEPTIVE LACTATING RABBIT DOES. PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/10039
Examinar
Envíos recientes
Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , SMALL-SCALE RABBIT MEAT PRODUCTION IN THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE : BACK TO BASICS ?(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 1999) LUKEFAHR, S.D.[EN] In the Western Hemisphere, in countries where the demand for rabbit meat is low, and where intensive livestock production systems are common (e.g., commercial broiler, swine, and cattle production), it may not be appropriate for rabbit scientists to recommend commercial rabbit production. Commercial-scale rabbit operations might only be justified, at best, when located in proximity to processing plants and(or) to large cities where there is a strong tradition of rabbit meat consumption. The high cost of producing rabbits translates into high consumer prices, which tends to limit sales to that of a luxury or specialty commodity. An alternative, "back to basics" approach is to recommend small-scale or backyard rabbit enterprises. There are a number of clear advantages to this approach. Such a down-scaled unit could represent a more favorable "economy of scale" of production. Generally, feed costs could be reduced through the utilization of homegrown or less expensive feedstuffs, labor could b.e shared among family members, and less expensive housing and equipment would be needed. Although productívity may decline, economic retums may exceed costs at a higher rate than for commercial operations. In addition to family consumption, local meat sales could become mote competitive because of lower costs of processing and transportation, especially if there are no rabbit meat inspection laws. Small-scale rabbit production would also support integrative practices (e.g., gardening and vermiculture) and potential local markets for rabbit meat and byproducts (e.g., tanned skins and rabbit manure as "organic fertilizer''), which could supplement farm revenue. In addition, there are opportunities to develop poor communities through small-scale rabbit projects. This paper propases a "cottage industry'' model of rabbit micro-enterprise development to secure food and economic stability for rural-based small farm families throughout the Western Hemisphere, and to improve the image of rabbit production as a viable activity.Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , TOWARDS REDUCED FEEDING COSTS, DIETARY SAFETY AND MINIMAL MINERAL EXCRETION IN RABBITS : A REVIEW(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 1999) Maertens, L.[EN] This article reviews some actual trends in rabbit nutrition. To be more competitive with poultry and pig production, a further reduction of the overall feed conversion rate of rabbitries till 3.25 is necessary. Genetic, management and nutritional improvements are simultaneously possible to achieve this goal and are discussed in this paper. A trend towards phase feeding is observed in rabbit nutrition. Several arguments are given: (i) requirements of fatteners are different shortly after weaning compared to the finishing period; (ii) by matching the dietary protein (amino acids) to the age related requirements, diets with a lower protein level can be fed, resulting in a significan! reduced N-excretion. This is of special importance to reduce the environmental pollution, in areas with a high density of animal production. Finally, (iii) energy concentrated diets can be fed in the finishing period to improve the feed conversion rate. A policy till a further banning of feed additives can be expected. Disease control, including dietary safety will be of increasing interest. The role of dietary fibre and starch on rabbit health has recently been better defined. Lignin has a predominan! role on the transit time and to reduce the incidence of enterits. A lignin (ADL>5%), starch (<13.5%) and cellulose constrain (>15%) is suggested in diet formulation for young rabbits instead of a single recommendation for crude fibre or ADF. However, dietary fibre and starch recommendations are depending from age and physiological status.Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , RABBIT PRODUCTION IN NIGERIA : SOME ASPECTS OF CURRENT STATUS AND PROMOTIONAL STRATEGIES(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 1999) Onifade, A.A.; Abu, O.A.; Obiyan, R.I.; Abanikannda, O.T.F.[EN] Sorne aspects of the current status and promotional strategies of rabbit production in Nigeria were appraised in this study. This was because such data are lacking and rabbit production offers a great potential towards attainment of food security in terms of animal protein intake. Data were obtained principally from field survey, questionnaires administration, personal observations and experiences of authors, structured personal interviews of identified rabbit farmers, personal interview and observational data from agricultura! extension agents, personal interview and visitation to markets and retail outlets for rabbit, proxy information from distant collaborators, recorded data from Government establishments and published data. All the information collected was synthesized to provide an informative blend on major aspects of rabbit production. From the data collected, it was found that rabbit production in Nigeria is largely a traditional, non-commercially oriented, family-consumption targeted, and smallholder type operation comprising an average of 2-7 does and 3 bucks. About 3.4-5.2% of the Nigerian population may be keeping rabbits with women and children being mostly involved. Rabbit keeping is both intensive and semiintensive, though sorne scattered free range backyard rearing was recorded. Unlike the rural rabbit keepers, space is limiting for most urban rabbit keepers. Diets of rabbits in Nigeria are primarily forages, grasses and legumes, kitchen wastes while commercial feeds are rarely fed. Bucks and does are under-utilized, with does producing about 20 weaned rabbit per year and are usually offered for sale after four parlties. Nigerian rabbits do not suffer any peculiar disease, however skin disease (mange) and coccidia infection are very common. There are high peri- and post-natal mortalities, and it was estimated that overall mortality between birth and marketing was between 30-40%, being highest in the young enes. The performance and reproductive productivity of rabbits in Nigeria are strongly correlated with the leve! of management. There exists a latent and growing market for rabbit meat in Nigeria especially as an alternative livestock species. We propase promotional strategies for sustainable rabbit production.Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , FEEDING AND MEAT QUALITY IN RABBITS: A REVIEW(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 1999) XICCATO, G.[EN] The principal objectives of rabbit feeding strategies are to limit digestive disorders, shorten rearing time and increase dressing percentage. Besides, new attention is placed on the carcass composition in terms of primal joint cut, fat and lean proportions, and on the technological and sensory characteristics of the meat, due to the increasing demand for processed meat. The possibility of modifying carcass and meat quality has been demonstrated to be very Jimited when rabbits are fed a balanced diet ad libítum. Only extreme situations like severe restriction and lack or Jarge excess in a specific nutrient are able to influence slaughter traits and meat characteristics. However, growth performance and health conditions may be also compromised. The manipulation of the development rate of the different body tissues seems to be possible through adequate feeding programs based on different protein levels in relation to dietary energy, but more studies are required to clarify the variations of protein and amino acid requirements throughout the entire growing period. From the Jiterature, it clearly appears that fat addition to the diet, both as inclusion leve! and source, significantly affects carcass fatness and meat fatty acid composition. The consequences are evident in the organoleptic appreciation of rabbit meat and also in its technological characteristics. Therefore further studies are required in order to investigate the biochemical processes that determine post-mortem transformation of muscles into meat and the evolution during storage.Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , ESTIMATES OF GENETIC PARAMETERS IN DANISH WHITE RABBITS USING AN ANIMAL MODEL : I. GROWTH AND CARCASS TRAITS(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 1999) Su, G.; Kjaer, J.B.; Brenøe, U.T.; Sørensen, P.; Norwegian Rabbit Council[EN] Growth data from 2033 individuals and carcass data from 1386 individuals representing 3 Danish rabbit lines were analysed to draw inferences on genetic parameters, using restricted maximum likelihood (REML) procedures based on animal models. In the models, birth year, season, line, parity, sex, litter size at weaning and slaughter age were treated as fixed effects, individual additive genetic and litter were taken as random effects. Litter effects in proportion of phenotypic variance were 0.60, 0.32 and 0.19 for daily gain during pre-weaning (DG1-Js), daily gain during the period from weaning to 90 days (OG3i;.90), and daily gain during the whole period from birth to 90 days (DG1-9o), Growth data from 2033 individuals and carcass data from 1386 individuals representing 3 Danish rabbit lines were analysed to draw inferences on genetic parameters, using restricted maximum likelihood (REML) procedures based on animal models. In the models, birth year, season, line, parity, sex, litter size at weaning and slaughter age were treated as fixed effects, individual additive genetic and litter were taken as random effects. Litter effects in proportion of phenotypic variance were 0.60, 0.32 and 0.19 for daily gain during pre-weaning (DG1-Js), daily gain during the period from weaning to 90 days (OG3i;.90), and daily gain during the whole period from birth to 90 days (DG1-9o),Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , EGRAN : AN EUROPEAN GROUP FOR RABBIT NUTRITION PRESENTATION AND ACTIVITY(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 1999) GIDENNE, T.[EN] A work-group on rabbit nutrition, called EGRAN, was constituted on a voluntary basis in 1992. lt involved 6 teams having a continuous research program in rabbit feeding and belonging to 5 European countries. The main objective of EGRAN is to advance in the knowledge of the rabbit nutrition, through the achievement of common research programs. EGRAN also aims to promote scientific and technical cooperation within the group, ranging from scientific theory to basic chemical analysis. Exchange about the scientific program of each team is also encouraged in order to avoid any undesirable duplicate research. Up to date the research program aims to harmonise and to improve the main methods used for feed evaluation. The achievement of a common methodological platform is a first step to perform concerted experiments and thus to develop a concrete cooperation between teams. From 1997 on, the research activity of EGRAN is developing because of a 5 years EU funding for a concerted action program (Erafe) described here.Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , EFFECT OF CHANGE OF CAGE AND/OR 44H MOTHER-LITTER SEPARATION ON PRODUCTIVITY OF NON-RECEPTIVE LACTATING RABBIT DOES. PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 1999) BONANNO, A.; ALABISO, M.; Di GRIGOLI, A.; ALICATA, M.L.[EN] The effects of three different bio-stimulation methods, namely change of cage (CC), 44-hour mother-litter separation (MLS) and a combination of the two (CCMLS), for inducing oestrus in nonreceptive lactating does, were compared to the peñormance of receptive lactating does (RO). From March to July, 215 lactating does were taken to males for mating on day 9 after kindling. The 155 RO immediately mated. The does refusing to mate were divided in a balanced manner based body weight and parity and subjected to one of the three bio-stimulations. Receptivity in MLS does (72.7%) was higher than in ce (50.0%) and CCMLS groups (55.5%), and appeared more frequently (45.5%) on day 11, just after the stimulus. The fertility rate of mated does and the total number of kits born per litter were 75.0, 70.0, 60.0, 88.4% and 7.8, 6.7, 6.6, 8.2, respectively for MLS, CC, CCMLS and RO. In comparison with RO, the 44-hour mother-litter separation reduced the weaning weight of young rabbits (-30 g MLS; -50 g CCMLS, P<0.05), although it affected neither rabbit loss nor the incidence of mastitis. Based on to the few available cases, the use of MLS, as stimulation for inducing receptivity and improving fertility, seems preferable to ce or CCMLS. lt needs to be verified whether the reduction of pre-weaning growth of young rabbits is compensated during the fattening phase.Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , EARLY PREGNANCY DIAGNOSIS IN THE RABBIT BY REAL TIME ULTRASONOGRAPHY(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 1999) YPSILANTIS, P.; SARATSIS, PH.[EN] An ultrasonographic method for the diagnosis of early pregnancy in the rabbit is presented. New Zealand White does were artificially inseminated and their uteri were ultrasonographically examined on days 7, 8, 9 and 10 post insemination. On day 7, a low echogenicity area, located in the uterine lumen, could be regarded as an indication of pregnancy. However, on day 8, embryonic vesicles with a diameter of · about 8 mm were identifiable and countable. On day 9, embryonic vesicles developed up to a diameter of about 12 mm. Finally, on day 1 O, embryonic vesicles' diameter was around 17 mm and their embryonic pole was also identifiable.Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , AIR TRANSFER OF DAY-OLD RABBITS INTO TRINIDAD (WEST INDIES)(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 1999) Rastogi, R.K.[FR] Cinq lapereaux d'un jour ont été transportés par avion du Département fran~is de la Guadeloupe (Petites Antilles) a Trinidad. Le transport a duré 7 heures. Deux heures aprés leur arrivée, ils ont été adoptés par 2 lapines dont la mise bas avait été synchronisée avec celle des meres génétiques. Les lapereaux ont été sevrés a 28 jours et aucune perte n'a été déplorée jusqu'a rage de 24 semaines et un polds moyen de 2,8 kg. Le probléme de la législation du transport est évoq