World Rabbit Science - Vol. 25 (3)-2017

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Energy balance and body reserves in rabbit females selected for longevity
Effects of parsley supplementation on the seminal quality, blood lipid profile and oxidant status of young and old male rabbits
Effect of tropical green forage Pueraria phaseoloides addition to a pelleted complete feed on rabbit growth performance and digestion
Effects of a short-term feed restriction on growth performance, blood metabolites and hepatic IGF-1 levels in growing rabbits
Effect of substituting guinea grass with soybean hulls on production performance and digestion traits in fattening rabbits
Dried brewers grains in growing rabbits: nutritional value and effects on performance
Pyrosequencing study of caecal bacterial community of rabbit does and kits from a farm affected by epizootic rabbit enteropathy
Effect of a lytic bacteriophage on rabbits experimentally infected with pathogenic Escherichia coli
The effect of age on the carcass composition, portion yield and proximate composition of two rabbit genetic types in South Africa
Abstracts of the 42nd Symposium on Cuniculture, ASESCU Murcia, Spain, 11th-12th May, 2017

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/88217

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Abstracts of the 42nd Symposium on Cuniculture, ASESCU Murcia, Spain, 11th-12th May, 2017
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017-09-28) Conferences, Congresses, Symposiums..., Abstracts,
[EN] The 42nd Congress of the Spanish Association of Cuniculture (ASESCU) was held in Murcia from 11th to 12th May 2017, hosted by the University of Murcia’s Veterinary Faculty. The main papers focussed on analysing the situation of rabbit farming in the Murcia region, the demedicalisation of rabbit health management, a new law on farmers’ organisations and the main presentation forms of infections associated with Staphylococcus aureus. A specific session was devoted to explaining the objectives and progress of the research projects supported by the partnership between the Spanish Institute of Agricultural Research (INIA) and the Rabbit Meat Marketing Board (INTERCUN). In addition, two round tables were held, one on the alternatives to massive use of antibiotics and the other on the farmers’ organisations. Moreover, a total of 28 communications were presented both in working sessions with oral communications and posters (reproduction and genetics, pathology, ethology and welfare, management and production, nutrition and feeding and meat quality). The meeting was attended by more than 160 participants, including researchers from Spain, Portugal, Brazil, Venezuela and Ecuador, among other countries. Abstracts of the contributions presented are reported below.
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The effect of age on the carcass composition, portion yield and proximate composition of two rabbit genetic types in South Africa
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017-09-28) North, M.K.; Nkhabutlane, P.; Hoffman, L.C.; National Research Foundation, South Africa; Department of Science and Innovation, South Africa
[EN] This study investigated the carcass component yields and meat proximate composition of 2 rabbit genetic types (Californian and hybrid New Zealand Red×Californian), with 5 rabbits per genetic type being slaughtered every 2 wk throughout the study period (9-17 wk) to evaluate the effect of age on these traits. Slaughter weight, reference yield, portion yield (hind leg, foreleg and fore part, as percentage of slaughter weight), meat yield, skin weight and the fat content of the meat (percentage of wet weight) increased significantly with age, while the full gastrointestinal tract, liver, head and feet decreased significantly. This is likely a reflection of the early-maturing nature of bone and viscera and later maturing nature of muscle and fat. These results indicate that delaying slaughter to 13 wk tends to improve yields for valuable carcass components. The Californian had a significantly higher total meat yield at 11 and 17 wk and higher portion meat yields at 9 (hind leg), 11 (hind leg and fore part) and 13 (foreleg) weeks than the hybrid. This was likely due to the later maturation of the hybrid and the influence of the New Zealand Red on carcass quality. It therefore appears that the Californian may be more favourable for meat production, from a carcass and meat quality perspective.
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Effect of a lytic bacteriophage on rabbits experimentally infected with pathogenic Escherichia coli
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017-09-28) Zhao, J.; He, L.; Pan, L.; Liu, Y.; Yao, H.; Bao, G.; Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System, China
[EN] Pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) is severely threatening the rabbit industry in China, and the concern over antibiotic-resistant bacteria has given rise to an urgent need for antibiotic alternatives. In this study, a member (ZRP1) of the Myoviridae family was isolated from rabbit faeces using a strain of rabbit atypical enteropathogenic E. coli (ZR1) as host. The one-step growth curve indicated that the latent period was around 25 to 30 min and the burst size was 144±31 plaque-forming unit/cell. The rate of phage-resistant mutation was 7×10–5±4×10–5. When the bacteriophage input at the multiplicity of infection (MOI) was 0.1, 1 or 10, the growth of host E. coli in broth was inhibited for 5 h. A single intravenous injection of ZRP1 at MOI 0.1, 1 or 10 significantly prolonged the survival time of rabbits which simultaneously received a lethal dose of ZR1.
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Pyrosequencing study of caecal bacterial community of rabbit does and kits from a farm affected by epizootic rabbit enteropathy
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017-09-28) Abecia, L.; Rodríguez-Romero, N.; Martínez-Fernández, G.; Martínez Vallespín, Beatriz; Fondevila, M.; Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia; Gobierno de Aragón; Universidad Nacional Experimental del Táchira, Venezuela; European Social Fund
[EN] Epizootic Rabbit Enteropathy (ERE) is a disease of unknown aetiology that mainly affects post-weaning animals. Caecotrophs from animals in a farm affected by ERE were analysed to identify changes in the microbiological profile of growing rabbits. Does and kits at weaning (28 d) and the same rabbits ten days later (38 d) were used for a comparison using Roche 454 pyrosequencing of hypervariable V3-V5 regions of the 16S rRNA genes. The caecal bacterial community was dominated by the Firmicutes phylum (about 80%), followed by Bacteroidetes (15%), although relative abundances changed according to animal age (among does and kits at 28 and 38 d) and health status (affected or not by ERE). Two dominant families were classified within the Firmicutes phylum: Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae (50 and 20% of the sequences, respectively). In kits affected by ERE, relative abundance of Ruminococcus and Bacteroides genera decreased and increased, respectively, compared to healthy kits at the same age (28 and 38 d). The principal coordinate analysis plot revealed that kits at 28 d of age cluster together and apart from the does and the healthy 38-d rabbit groups. When only growing rabbits are considered, kits that showed symptoms of ERE clustered separately. Results suggest a different caecal bacterial community of rabbits affected by ERE. These findings highlight the need to identify different stages of the disease.
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Dried brewers grains in growing rabbits: nutritional value and effects on performance
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017-03-03) Lima, P.J.D.O.; Watanabe, P.H.; Cândido, R.C.; Ferreira, A.C.S.; Vieira, A.V.; Rodrigues, B.B.V.; Nascimento, G.A.J.; Freitas, E.R.
[EN] Two assays were carried out to determine i) the nutritional value of dried brewers’ grains and ii) the effects of inclusion of this ingredient in growing rabbit diets on animal performance and economic performance of the breeding unit. In the digestibility assay, a total of 28 male rabbits were distributed in 2 groups differing in the diet offered to animals: a reference diet (35.51% neutral detergent fibre and 16.50% crude protein [CP]) and a test diet (60% of reference diet and 40% of dried brewers grains). The dried brewers’ grain contained 37.9% of CP and 3371 kcal digestible energy/kg dry matter. In the performance study, 80 weaned rabbits (40 males and 40 females) were allotted at 40 d of age to 5 groups differing in the inclusion levels of dried brewers’ grains (0, 7, 14, 21 and 28%) from 40 d to 90 d of age. Inclusion of dried brewers’ grains did not affect the live weight at 90 d, the feed intake between 40 d and 90 d or the dressing percentage of rabbits (on average 223 g, 96 g/d and 51.3%, respectively). There was no effect of diet on the meat quality parameters (69.5% water holding capacity, 25.6% cooking loss, 3.4 kg/cm2 Warner-Bratzler shear force and pH 5.70) and inclusion levels above 14% reduced the feed cost (–18%; P<0.001), while inclusion above 21% improved net income (+32%; P<0.001). In conclusion, these results suggest that the use of dried brewers’ grains in diets for growing rabbits could improve the economic performance of the production system without impairing the animals’ performance.
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Effect of substituting guinea grass with soybean hulls on production performance and digestion traits in fattening rabbits
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017-09-28) Shang, S.M.; Wu, Z.Y.; Liu, G.Y.; Sun, C.R.; Ma, M.W.; Li, F. C.; Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System, China
[EN] The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of soybean hulls (SH) to substitute guinea grass (GG), traditionally used as fibre source in the diets of fattening rabbits on performance, coefficients of total tract apparent digestibility (CTTAD) of nutrients, gastrointestinal tract development and caecum fermentation. A total of 160 mixed sex Hyla commercial meat rabbits were allocated to 4 experimental groups (40 per treatment) differing in the SH level inclusion in the diet offered to rabbits from 40 to 90 d of age: 0, 50, 100 and 200 g/kg as-fed basis: SH0, SH50, SH100 and SH200 groups, respectively. Growth performance was recorded from 40 to 90 d of age, CTTAD of nutrients from 86 to 90 d of age, and gastrointestinal tract development, caecum fermentation and carcass traits were determined at 90 d of age. Average daily feed intake and the feed/gain ratio were lower in SH100 and SH200 groups than in SH0 group (P0.05). In conclusion, our results suggest that SH can substitute GG in the diets of fattening rabbits up to 200 g/kg in diet with no adverse effects on the growth performance, feed efficiency, carcass traits and meat quality.
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Effects of a short-term feed restriction on growth performance, blood metabolites and hepatic IGF-1 levels in growing rabbits
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017-09-28) Lu, J.; Shen, Y.; He, Z.; Dai, X.; Wang, D.; Zhang, J.; Li, H.; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
[EN] A total of 144 weaned hybrid HYLA rabbits (40-day-old) were randomly divided into 4 groups, to investigate the effects of the intensity of one week’s feed restriction on short- and medium-term growth performance, blood metabolites and hepatic IGF-1 in growing rabbits. Restricted groups were fed with 30% (Group L30), 50% (Group L50) 70% (Group L70) of ad libitum feeding for 1 wk and then fed ad libitum until the end of the experiment (75 d of age). The control group (Group AL) was fed ad libitum throughout the experiment. Total feed intake (–15.8%) and feed conversion ratio (–13.2%) were lower in the L50 than in the AL group (P<0.05), but no difference was found between the L30, L70 and AL groups (P>0.05) for these parameters. Total weight gain did not significantly differ among the 4 experimental groups (38.5 g/d; P>0.05). At the end of the feed restriction period, the total serum protein level (P=0.01) was higher in restricted rabbits than AL rabbits (P<0.01), while the hepatic IGF-1 level was lower in L30 and L50 groups than in the 2 other groups (P<0.001). However, no difference remained between groups at the end of the experiment. In contrast, calcium, triglycerides, alkaline phosphatase, urea nitrogen and total cholesterol levels were similar between groups (P>0.05) throughout the experiment. In conclusion, a short-term feed restriction improves feed conversion ratio in a lasting way, transiently alters serum protein and IFG-1 levels and leads to compensatory growth in growing rabbits.
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Effect of tropical green forage Pueraria phaseoloides addition to a pelleted complete feed on rabbit growth performance and digestion
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015-03-03) Kimsé, M.; Yapi, M.Y.; Karamoko, M.; Gidenne, T.; Zongo, M.; Gnanda, B.I.; Akoutey, A.; Bodji, N.C.; Fantodji, A.; Otchoumou, A.
[EN] The aim of this work was to study the effect of tropical green forage on rabbit growth performance and apparent digestibility. Thirty rabbits weaned at 35 d of age were individually caged and allotted to 2 dietary treatments. From 35 to 90 d of age, the control group C was fed ad libitum with commercial pelleted diet C only, while the test group was fed the C diet and forage Pueraria phaseoloides (Pp) ad libitum. Individual water and feed intake, body weight gain, nutrient apparent digestibility, red and white blood cells were studied. Mean housing temperature was 27.7°C. Water intake (35-90 d) did not differ between the 2 groups (mean=128 mL/d), whereas feed intake (35-90 d) was twice as high, with Pp (114 vs. 56 g; P=0.02). Forage intake doubled every 2 wk, averaging 50% of the total intake from 35 to 90 d of age. The growth rate was higher (+30%) in the Pp group after weaning (35-49 d) but did not differ between groups thereafter. The feed conversion was higher for the Pp group after weaning only (+ 87%; P<0;05). Weight of rabbits and feed efficiency were not affected by forage addition. Organic matter digestibility of diet C alone was roughly twofold higher compared to C+Pp (P=0.03). Red blood cells were not affected by treatments (4.1×1012 cells/L). However, the white blood cell count was higher in Pp than in C group (7.4×109 vs. 3.9×109 cells/L; P<0.01). P. phaseoloides may be used as a complement to a balanced pelleted feed, but further studies with a large number of rabbits are necessary to analyse the potential impact on health status.
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Effects of parsley supplementation on the seminal quality, blood lipid profile and oxidant status of young and old male rabbits
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017-09-28) El-Gindy, Y.M.; Zeweil, H.S.
[EN] The high unsaturation levels of spermatozoal membrane make it very susceptible to oxidative damage and this problem increases with advancing age. In this study, the aim is to investigate whether parsley seed (PS) has a protective effect on semen quality, serum lipid profile and antioxidative status of old and young bucks. Male rabbits (n= 36) (18 young 9-12 mo old and 18 old 36-42 mo old) were each assigned to 3 dietary treatments (a control and 2 levels of PS: 0.3 and 0.6 kg/100 kg diet) to evaluate the ability of parsley to enhance bucks’ reproductive status. Most of the studied traits were adversely affected by age of rabbit bucks. On the other hand, the inclusion of PS significantly boosted ejaculate volume and improved mass motility concentration and total sperm output. Seminal plasma and blood serum total antioxidant capacity increased, while serum lipid peroxidase decreased with parsley treatments. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of parsley seed alleviates most semen quality parameters and counteracts oxidative stress, especially with the advance of age (seminal plasma and blood serum of total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde.
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Energy balance and body reserves in rabbit females selected for longevity
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017-09-28) Garreau, H.; Larzul, C.; Tudela, F.; Ruesche, J.; Ducrocq, V.; Fortun-Lamothe, L.
[EN] The aim of this study was to compare the energy balance and dynamic of body reserves in rabbit females divergently selected for longevity. One hundred and twenty-nine females from a high longevity line (HL) and 131 females of a low longevity line (LL) were studied from the 1st to the 3rd kindling. Litter size and weight and female body weight were measured at kindling (1st, 2nd and 3rd), insemination (2nd and 3rd) and at weaning (1st and 2nd). The total body electric conductivity (TOBEC) method was used to estimate the body reserves in all females at artificial insemination and at weaning, and at kindling in females that achieved parturition. Energy balance between the 11th and the 21th d of lactation was also calculated for these females. No significant difference was found for fertility or for the number of offspring born alive and weaned. However, the total number of offspring born was higher in the LL line than in the HL line at the 2nd parturition (+1.12±0.46 g; P<0.05). Consequently, the number of stillborn offspring was higher in the LL line. LL females were 4% heavier than HL females at the first parturition (P<0.05), but then HL females had a higher live weight gain than LL females from the 1st parturition to the 2nd artificial insemination (+107.0±29 g; P=0.049), leading to a similar weight between the lines at the 2nd artificial insemination. There was no significant difference between lines for estimated energy used for growth between the 11th and the 21th d of lactation, or for estimated milk production (2365±30 g in HL line vs. 2398±30 g in LL line), estimated using the weight gain of the kits between the 11th and 21st d of lactation, for feed intake measured during this period (351±5 g/d in HL line vs. 359±5 g/d in LL line) or for energy balance (–6.11±0.3 MJ in HL line vs. –6.30±0.3 MJ in LL line). However, body energy content was higher in HL females than in LL (+2.72±0.64 MJ; P=0.001). In conclusion, selection for higher functional longevity results in a better ability of females to use body reserves in their early reproductive life.

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