Ingeniería del Agua - Vol 25, No 2 (2021)
Tabla de contenidos
Artículos
- Efecto del cambio climático en la calidad del agua de la Cuenca del Júcar
- Determinación de áreas hidroclimáticamente homogéneas. Una propuesta técnica
- Determinación del índice de calidad del agua en ríos de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, Ecuador
- Eficiencia hidráulica y ambiental de cubiertas verdes en un clima mediterráneo continental seco. Aplicación a una nueva urbanización en la ciudad de Zaragoza (España)
- Dinámica distributiva de flujos bifásicos con carga de madera en un abanico aluvial experimental
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/165811
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Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , Determinación del índice de calidad del agua en ríos de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, Ecuador(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021-04-30) García-González, J.; Osorio-Ortega, M.A.; Saquicela-Rojas, R.A.; Cadme, M.L.; Universidad Tecnológica Equinoccial, Ecuador[EN] A selection of the most suitable Water Quality Index was performed in this work, according to the Ecuadorian technical regulations for the rivers of the province of Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas, Ecuador. Nine rivers from the territory were selected (Pove, Otongo, Mapali, Cucaracha, Chila, Damas, Camal, Bolo and the Kasama Stream) covering 26 sampling points during the years 2015-2017. A comparative analysis was carried out among the Water Quality Indices: NSF, CCME, ICG, ICAUCA and León. The adjustment of these to the Ecuadorian regulations was conducted by means of statistical tests according to the following criteria: the straight line with the steepest slope, lower confidence interval of the slope, and the least amount of parameters that each WQI evaluates. As a main result, WQI-NSF was discovered to be most adequate, since it describes rivers’ water quality better, using fewer parameters.Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , Dinámica distributiva de flujos bifásicos con carga de madera en un abanico aluvial experimental(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021-04-30) Santibañez, N.; Mazzorana, B.; Iribarren, P.; Mao, L.; Rojas, I.; Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico, Chile[EN] Alluvial fans are episodically affected by the distributary dynamics caused by extreme biphasic flow processes. The solid-fraction component of biphasic flows is generally represented by inorganic sediment, but these events may also carry significant amounts of large wood. The aim of the study was to assess on a physical alluvial fan model the randomness of morphodynamical processes and exposure associated to a set of specific loading conditions and at exploring how these patterns change if large wood is added to the biphasic mixture in a fixed proportion of the solid fraction. The experiments were conducted varying systematically the total volume, the sediment fraction of the biphasic mixture and the applied stream power. Two sets of experiments were run, either with and without a fixed proportion of the solid fraction constituted by large wood. Our results confirm that the exposure associated to specific loading conditions exhibits a remarkable randomness, that the applied stream power has a decisive effect on the variability of exposure and that the fixed portion of large wood strongly interfere with the distributary dynamics on alluvial fans.Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , Eficiencia hidráulica y ambiental de cubiertas verdes en un clima mediterráneo continental seco. Aplicación a una nueva urbanización en la ciudad de Zaragoza (España)(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021-04-30) Jiménez, A.; Russo, B.; Ruiz, O.; Acero, A.; Gobierno de Aragón[EN] Different hydroclimatology researchers apply eigenvectors-based techniques to compress large volumes of information while preserving the invariant structure of the original data. This research developed a methodology applying one of these techniques, Principal Component Analysis, on the elements of variability in hydroclimatic time series, and then to identify clusters with the “k-means” method. The result is a regionalized map by variable. Finally, these maps are intersected, obtaining areas with a homogeneous hydroclimatic structure, because the variables have similarity in their variance structure. In the case study, 8 variables were evaluated for Colombia (9268 time series), obtaining as a result 26 hydroclimatic regions. Obtaining hydroclimatically homogeneous regions The progressive increment of impervious areas in many of our cities contributes to the increase of surface runoff volumes that, moreover, reach the drainage network or, directly, the receiving water bodies without any type of filter provided by the vegetation. In this context, that in several sites could be exacerbated by the effects of climate change that are determining a drastic increase of maximum rainfall intensities, Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) suppose a valid alternative to address these kinds of problems, and providing, at the same time, a long series of other co-benefits at environmental and social level. The objective of this study is to propose the implementation of green roofs in a new urbanization of the city of Zaragoza and assess their hydraulic, environmental and socioeconomic benefits. The analysis of the hydraulic and environmental benefits has been performed through the USEPA-SWMM5 software that includes a specific module for SUDS simulations with special regard to green roofs, allowing to define and fully characterize their main layers and to simulate their effects at local or catchment scale. The hydrological simulations carried out for extreme rainfall events (return periods of 2, 5 and 10 years), indicate that the reduction of the hydrograph peaks can be between 31 y 38%, while the reduction in terms of runoff volumes is ranged from 17 up to 27 %. Concerning the simulation of a continuous annual rainfalls’ series, the reduction in runoff volumes would vary approximately between 30% and 37% depending on the type of green roof used. Finally, regarding the water quality parameters of the sewer discharged overflows, the reduction of pollutants would be very significant, varying from 92% to 99% depending on the type of pollutant and the type of roof.Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , Determinación de áreas hidroclimáticamente homogéneas. Una propuesta técnica(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021-04-30) De León Pérez, D.; Domínguez, E.[EN] Different hydroclimatology researchers apply eigenvectors-based techniques to compress large volumes of information while preserving the invariant structure of the original data. This research developed a methodology applying one of these techniques, Principal Component Analysis, on the elements of variability in hydroclimatic time series, and then to identify clusters with the “k-means” method. The result is a regionalized map by variable. Finally, these maps are intersected, obtaining areas with a homogeneous hydroclimatic structure, because the variables have similarity in their variance structure. In the case study, 8 variables were evaluated for Colombia (9268 time series), obtaining as a result 26 hydroclimatic regions. Obtaining hydroclimatically homogeneous regions offers the possibility of generating, among others, projects for climate change adaptation in a localized way to provide quasi-specific solutions that maximize results.Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , Efecto del cambio climático en la calidad del agua de la Cuenca del Júcar(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021-04-30) Suárez-Almiñana, S.; Paredes Arquiola, Javier; Andreu Álvarez, Joaquín; Solera Solera, Abel; Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Medio Ambiente; Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería del Agua y del Medio Ambiente; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Caminos, Canales y Puertos; European Commission; Universitat Politècnica de València; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad[EN] This study analyses the effect of climate change on water quality in the Júcar River Basin from future estimations of hydrological inputs and water temperature (WT). For this purpose, a large-scale water quality model was used to estimate the ecological status of all the water bodies, based on the concentrations of BDO5, P, NH4+ and NO3– for the future horizons 2020, 2050 and 2080. In this study, a greater number of water bodies with higher pollution levels (80-100% failures) were obtained in the horizons 2050 and 2080, which are located in the middle and lower parts of the basin. In addition, the degradation of BDO5 and the NH4+ is highly dependent on WT, highlighting the importance of considering this variable in the model.