Ingeniería del Agua - Vol 19, No 4 (2015)
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Artículos
- Influência da sazonalidade em lagoas de estabilização
- Previsão de secas na primavera em Portugal Continental com base em indicadores climáticos de larga escala
- Un sistema de detección de peces para escala de hendidura vertical utilizando tecnología láser y técnicas de visión artificial
- El impacto del riego en la calidad del agua de drenaje en una nueva zona regable
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- PublicationUn sistema de detección de peces para escala de hendidura vertical utilizando tecnología láser y técnicas de visión artificial(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2016-10-30) Rico Díaz, A. J.; Rabuñal, J.R.; Puertas, J.; Pena, L.; Rodríguez, A.; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad[EN] Vertical slot fishway are hydraulic structures which are widely used to allow the upstream migration of fish through obstructions in rivers. Learning about the frequency of fish’s movement through these systems can help determine the efficiency of a vertical slot fishway, as well as migratory patterns of species, determine if waterways are healthy or whether we can continue to fish with guaranteed conservation and improve wildlife. This paper presents a noninvasive method for fish detection. A laser sensor is used to detect fish and data collected by the sensor is analyzed automatically, using computer vision techniques.
- PublicationPrevisão de secas na primavera em Portugal Continental com base em indicadores climáticos de larga escala(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015-10-30) Santos, J.F; Portela, M.M.; Pulido-Calvo, I.[EN] The success of a strategy of mitigation of the effects of the droughts requires the implementation of an effective monitoring and forecasting system, able to identify drought events and follow their spatiotemporal evolution. This article demonstrates the capability of the artificial neural networks in predicting the spring standardized precipitation index, SPI, for Portugal. The validation of the models used the hindcasting, which is a technique by which a given model is tested through its application to historical data followed by the comparison of the results thus achieved with the data. The SPI index was calculated at the timescale of six months and the climate indices used as external predictors in the hindcasting were the North Atlantic Oscillation and temperatures of the sea surface. The study showed the added value of the inclusion of previous predictors in the model. Maps of the probabilities of the drought occurrences which may be very important for integrated planning and management of water resources were also developed.
- PublicationEl impacto del riego en la calidad del agua de drenaje en una nueva zona regable(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015-10-30) Villar Mir, J.M.; Pascual, M.; Rufat, J.; Villar, P.; Universitat de Lleida; Generalitat de Catalunya[EN] The water quality of two agricultural drainage systems was monitored over two irrigation seasons in order to determine the sustainability of a new area of irrigated land (the Algerri-Balager irrigation district) located in the northeast of Spain. The average electrical conductivity of the drainage water was around 4dS·m-1, and the waters were enriched with boron, phosphorous and nitrate. Drainage represented 17% of total applied irrigation water (measured leached fraction) and is considered necessary to minimize the risk of soil salinization in semiarid environments. The most common ions in the drainage waters were magnesium, sulphate, and calcium and others related with dissolved soil minerals present in the area. The presence of Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn and pesticides was negligible. The information provided by this research was very useful for the irrigation district, and it’s transferable to other irrigation districts, as it could help to improve agricultural practices and be used to control the quality and quantity of irrigation drainage.
- PublicationInfluência da sazonalidade em lagoas de estabilização(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015-10-30) D'Alessandro, E.B.; Saavedra, N.K.; Santiago, M. F.; D'Alessandro, N.C.O.[EN] The study evaluated the influence of seasonality in efficiency of Trindade Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP), during six months, that had dry and rainy seasons. The following variables were analyzed: flow rate, wastewater temperature, depth, HDT, pH, DO, CND, Chla,TP, PO4-3, NH4+, NO3-, BOD520°C, COD, TSS, FSS, VSS and also climatic variables. There was no removal of COD and TSS during the rainy season. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) indicated that there were groupings of raw affluent and the anaerobic lagoon, and between facultative pond and maturation, in other words, there was spatial variation. ACP also indicated that raw affluent in Nov/10 and Dec/10 formed a separate group, because these months suffered enough dilution characterizing it as another environment. The influence of seasonality caused increase in concentrations of some variables and decrease in others, which has influenced the efficiency of ponds.