World Rabbit Science - Vol. 17 (2)-2009
Tabla de contenidos
- Mycotoxins in rabbit feed: A review
- A new method to measure the redox potential (Eh) in rabbit caecum: relationship with pH and fermentation pattern
- Effect of breeding system and farm hygiene on performances of growing rabbits and lactating does over two reproductive cycles
- Contribution of intensive rabbit breeding to sustainable development. A semi-quantitative analysis of the production in France
- Performance, digestive disorders and the intestinal microbiota in weaning rabbits are affected by a herbal feed additive
- The influence of linseed on rabbit meat quality
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/8713
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Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , The influence of linseed on rabbit meat quality(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 2009) Bianchi, M.; Petracci, M.; Cavani, C.; Ministero dell'Istruzione dell'Università e della Ricerca, Italia[EN] A research project was conducted to study the influence of the dietary use of whole linseed on rabbit meat quality. A total of 288 growing rabbits were fed ad libitum (from 55 to 81 d old) with a commercial diet (C) or experimental diets containing 3, 6, or 9% whole linseed (L3, L6 and L9, respectively). After slaughtering, L. lumborum muscles and rabbit meat hamburgers were used to determine pH, colour, cooking loss, total lipid content, fatty acid composition and induced TBARS. Hind leg muscles were analyzed for total lipid content, fatty acid composition and induced TBARS. Finally, a sensory test was carried out to establish the level of acceptability of rabbit meat hamburgers prepared with the meat batters stored for 3 or 6 months at -20°C. The use of linseed determined a lower content of total saturated fatty acid and a higher content of PUFA (P<0.01) in all types of meat. The PUFA n-3 content of the meat increased significantly (P<0.01) with the increasing level of whole linseed in the diet, mainly due to the higher content of alpha-linolenic acid, which also determined a reduction of the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio. The hamburgers prepared from L6 and L9 groups exhibited higher TBARS values in comparison with L3 and C. Furthermore, the cooking loss of hamburgers was lower in meat from rabbits fed the control diet (C), intermediate in L3 and higher in L6 and L9 (P<0.01). With regard to sensory analysis, the diet did not determine significant differences in the acceptability of the hamburgers produced with frozen meat batters stored for 3 or 6 months. In general, the use of 3% linseed in diets for growing rabbits could be considered suitable for achieving both the enrichment of the meat with alpha-linolenic acid and maintaining good product quality characteristics.Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , Performance, digestive disorders and the intestinal microbiota in weaning rabbits are affected by a herbal feed additive(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 2009) Krieg, R.; Vahjen, W.; Awad, W.; Sysel, M.; Kroeger, S.; Zocher, E.; Hulan, H.W.; Arndt, G.; Zentek, J.[EN] A herbal feed additive (Digestarom(R), containing a mixture of onion, garlic, caraway, fennel, gentian, melissa, peppermint, anise, oak bark and clove) was fed to rabbit does and kits to study its impact on performance, post-weaning digestive disorders and intestinal microbiota. Two groups of 9 doe rabbits and their offspring, after weaning, were fed a standard diet without or with the addition of 300 mg Digestarom(R)/kg diet. Forty kits from each group were weaned at 28 d of age weighing 0.614±0.005 kg. They were caged in groups of four rabbits (10 cages/treatment) and fed the same diet as their mothers for 13 d. Weight gain and feed intake of the kits fed Digestarom(R) was 18 and 14% higher, respectively, than those fed control diet (P<0.001), with no differences in the feed conversion. Rabbits were killed 13 d after weaning and 10 healthy animals from the Digestarom(R) group and 10 healthy and 10 diseased animals from the control group were dissected. Healthy rabbits fed control diet and those fed Digestarom(R) showed closer intestinal digesta dry matter, pH and volatile fatty acid (VFA) profi les, compared to diseased animals. VFA concentration in the small intestine was higher (P=0.030) in the diseased animals of the control group compared with the healthy and Digestarom(R) fed rabbits. However, no differences were observed in VFA concentration in stomach or caecum contents. The fermentation profi le of diseased animals was characterised by a higher proportion of propionic, i- and n-valeric acids in the caecal contents (P<0.001), and an increased i-butyric acid concentration in the stomach and caecum contents (P=0.014), whereas n-butyric acid was reduced (P<0.033) compared with the healthy or Digestarom(R) fed rabbits. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis indicated a higher caecal bacterial diversity in the control rabbits compared with kits fed Digestarom(R) (P=0.008). The reduced evenness factor (P<0.010) also indicated that the bacterial composition included more dominant species in the Digestarom(R) group. Under our experimental conditions, the tested herbal feed additive Digestarom(R) had protective effects in rabbit kits after weaning, making it an interesting alternative for establishing nutritional strategies.Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , Contribution of intensive rabbit breeding to sustainable development. A semi-quantitative analysis of the production in France(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 2009) Fortun-Lamothe, L.; Combes, S.; Gidenne, T.[EN] This work was aimed at evaluating the contribution of intensive rabbit breeding to sustainable development using a semi-quantitative method. Nine sustainability indicators were defined for the environmental (energy use, antibiotic use, and biodiversity), economic (profit, specialisation rate, and transmissibility) and social scales of sustainable development. A score (-1, 0 or +1) was given for each indicator using data from French rabbit farms (12,000 farms for economic results and 100 farms for social and environmental data). Scores were added within each scale to obtain a final score. It was revealed from the data analysis that intensive rabbit breeding had some negative contributions to sustainable development, due to the high cost of indirect energy, high use of antibiotics, low biodiversity and little respect for animal welfare, in particular in the scale of environmental sustainability (total score: -2). But it also had positive contributions to sustainable development, particularly in the economic and social scales (total score: +1 each). Indeed, the mean profit, life and working conditions were good and the rabbit meat is of good quality. Therefore, the challenge for rabbit production will be to manage the lawful development and to face the market trends while preserving the maximum of its advantagesItem type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , Effect of breeding system and farm hygiene on performances of growing rabbits and lactating does over two reproductive cycles(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 2009) Garrido, S.; Nicodemus, N.; García, J.; Chamorro, S.; Blas, J.C. de[EN] The aim of this paper was to study the effect of the intensive breeding system (IBS: insemination 4 d postpartum and weaning age at 25 d) vs. the semi-intensive breeding system (SIBS: insemination 11 d post-partum and weaning age at 35 d) on lactating does' performance and the combined effect of the type of farm hygiene (cleaned and disinfected or not) on the performance of growing rabbits from weaning until 56 d of age. A total of 58 New Zealand x Californian rabbit does (29/reproductive rhythm) and 168 young rabbits per combination weaning age x type of farm were selected at random over two consecutive reproductive cycles. Mortality during lactation presented higher values (P=0.067) in young rabbits weaned at 35 d than in those weaned at 25 (19.1 vs. 9.60%). In the first cycle, the number of kits weaned per litter was similar for both reproductive rhythms (7.89 and 8.01 for IBS and SIBS, respectively), whereas in the second cycle, the number of rabbits weaned was lower in rabbit does that weaned their litters later (6.90 vs. 9.06; P=0.049). Weight at parturition and at weaning, fertility, parturition interval, numerical productivity and the number of young rabbits born dead and weaned were not affected by treatments. The fattening mortality was higher in the second cycle than in the first (20.2 vs. 14.5 %, P=0.051), in the farm without cleaning and disinfection between cycles (20.0 vs. 14.2%, P=0.032) and in the animals weaned at 35 d than at 25 d (20.0 vs. 14.7 %, P=0.063). Animals weaned at 25 and 35 d of age both had a peak of mortality around two weeks after weaning. The average weight of rabbits at 56 d was not significantly different between the animals weaned at 25 or 35 d (1805 vs. 1787 g, respectively; P=0.64). However, the feed efficiency in the whole fattening period was higher in young rabbits weaned at 25 d than in those weaned at 35 d (0.392 vs. 0.298 g/g; P<0.001).Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , A new method to measure the redox potential (Eh) in rabbit caecum: relationship with pH and fermentation pattern(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 2009) Kimsé, M.; Monteils, V.; Bayourthe, C.; Gidenne, T.; Phileo[EN] This study aimed to assess the anaerobic status of the caecal biotope in the rabbit through the measurement of its redox potential (Eh). Since the caecal content has a high viscosity, the duration of the Eh measurement is high (10 to 20 min) and two methods were compared in 10 week- old rabbits: in vivo vs. post-mortem. In addition, Eh, pH and temperature of the caecal digesta were analysed according to caecotrophy and three periods in the day (soft faeces production: 08:00-10:00 h and 12:00-14:00 h; hard faeces production: 17:00-19:00 h) were compared, using 34 rabbits aged 65 d and weighing 2.3 kg. Caecal Eh decreased 2 min after measurement began, and then stabilised from 20 min onwards (from -152 to 221 mV, P<0.001), in contrast to caecal pH which remained constant over time. Mean values for Eh (at 20 min) and pH were - 219 mV and 6.2 respectively, and did not change according to method or collection period. Only the caecal temperature was 2°C higher (P<0.001) for the in vivo (39°C) than for the post-mortem (37°C) method. Average caecal dry matter and total volatile fatty acid were on average 22 % and 106 mmol/L, and were affected neither by the method nor by the collection period. Caecal Eh was negatively correlated to caecal pH (R²=0.22; P=0.006, n=34), but not to other biotope traits. The Eh measurement in rabbit caecal content could be performed with a minimum recommended duration of 20 min, under anaesthesia or post-mortem. We confi rmed that the rabbit caecal ecosystem is highly anaerobic.Item type: Artículo , Access status: Abierto , Mycotoxins in rabbit feed: A review(World Rabbit Science. ICTA. UPV, 2009) Mézes, M.; Balogh, K.[EN] Rabbit meat constitutes a measurable portion of the human diet. Thus, the ingredients used in rabbit feed and their contamination with undesirable substances are fundamentally important both in terms of the quality of the meat and the potential human health impacts associated with the animal-based food-production chain. The inclusion of feed ingredients which are contaminated with toxic substances may have a range of biological or toxicological effects on animal production. Rabbit feed ingredients that constitute complete feed products are derived from different raw materials and the contamination of feed materials would represent an important potential hazard. This review summarizes some of the toxic effects of mycotoxins, such as afl atoxins, ochratoxin, citritin, patulin, trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol, diacetoxyscirpenol, T-2 toxin), zearalenone, fumonisins, moniliformin and fusaric acid.