Roger Juan, Javier
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- PublicationThe Improvement of Methane Plume Detection with High-Resolution Satellite-Based Imaging Spectrometers(MDPI AG, 2024-01-09) Roger Juan, Javier; Irakulis-Loitxate, Itziar; Gorroño Viñegla, Javier; Valverde Iglesias, Adriana; Guanter Palomar, Luis MarÃa; Departamento de FÃsica Aplicada; Escuela Técnica Superior de IngenierÃa de Telecomunicación; Instituto Universitario de IngenierÃa del Agua y del Medio Ambiente; European Space Agency[EN] The detection and monitoring of methane anthropogenic emissions is of vital importance in order to curb global warming. Satellite-based imaging spectrometers, such as PRISMA and EnMAP, have proven instrumental in this task. Methane absorption features from the shortwave infrared spectral range (1000¿2400 nm) are exploited by algorithms such as the matched-filter. This method can correctly characterize methane plumes, but retrieval artifacts disturb methane plume detection when using only those spectral channels related to the methane absorption features. Retrievals from simulated plumes and real emission cases from PRISMA and EnMAP data cubes are used to demonstrate that using the whole shortwave infrared region in the matched-filter method results in a better plume detection.
- PublicationHigh-Resolution Methane Mapping With the EnMAP Satellite Imaging Spectroscopy Mission(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2024-01) Roger Juan, Javier; Irakulis-Loitxate, Itziar; Valverde Iglesias, Adriana; Chabrillat, Sabine; Gorroño Viñegla, Javier; Brell, Maximilian; Guanter Palomar, Luis MarÃa; Departamento de FÃsica Aplicada; Escuela Técnica Superior de IngenierÃa de Telecomunicación; Instituto Universitario de IngenierÃa del Agua y del Medio Ambiente; EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY; Universitat Politècnica de València[EN] Methane (CH4) mitigation from anthropogenic sources such as in the production and transport of fossil fuels has been found as one of the most promising strategies to curb global warming in the near future. Satellite-based imaging spectrometers have demonstrated to be well-suited to detect and quantify these emissions at high spatial resolution, which allows the attribution of plumes to sources. The PRecursore IperSpettrale della Missione Applicativa (PRISMA) satellite mission (ASI, Italy) has been successfully used for this application, and the recently launched Environmental Mapping and Analysis Program (EnMAP) mission (DLR/GFZ, Potsdam, Germany) presents similar spatial and spectral characteristics (30-m spatial resolution, 30-km swath, about 8-nm spectral sampling at 2300 nm). In this work, we investigate the potential and limitations of EnMAP for CH4 remote sensing, using PRISMA as a benchmark to deduce its added value. We analyze the spectral and radiometric performance of EnMAP in the 2300-nm region used for CH4 retrievals acquired using the matched-filter method. Our results show that in arid areas, EnMAP spectral resolution is about 2.7 nm finer and the signal-to-noise ratio values are approximately twice as large, which leads to an improvement in retrieval performance. Several EnMAP examples of plumes from different sources around the world with flux rate values ranging from 1 to 20 t/h are illustrated. We show plumes from sectors such as onshore oil and gas (O&G) and coal mining, but also from more challenging sectors such as landfills and offshore O&G.
- PublicationMultisatellite Data Depicts a Record-Breaking Methane Leak from a Well Blowout(American Chemical Society, 2024-06-30) Guanter Palomar, Luis MarÃa; Roger Juan, Javier; Sharma, Shubham; Valverde Iglesias, Adriana; Irakulis-Loitxate, Itziar; Gorroño Viñegla, Javier; Zhang, Xin; Schuit, Berend J.; Maasakkers, Joannes D.; Aben, Ilse; Groshenry, Alexis; Pfister, Antoine Didier Benoît; Peyle, Quentin; Zavala-Araiza, Daniel; Instituto Universitario de Automática e Informática Industrial; Instituto Universitario de IngenierÃa del Agua y del Medio Ambiente; Departamento de FÃsica Aplicada; Escuela Técnica Superior de IngenierÃa de Telecomunicación; European Space Agency; Universitat Politècnica de València[EN] Accidental blowouts in oil and gas wells can result in large and prolonged methane emissions, which are often unreported when happening in remote places. The rapid advancement of space-based methods for detecting and quantifying methane plumes provides an essential tool for uncovering these superemission events. We use a number of methane-sensitive satellite missions, including the Sentinel-5P/TROPOMI global mapper and several high-resolution instruments, to document a methane leak from a well blowout happening in Kazakhstan's Karaturun East oil field in 2023. A dense time series of plume detections from those satellites shows that the leak was active during 205 days and that most of the emissions were in the range 20-50 t/h. Using 48 high-quality emission rate estimates, we calculate that a total of 131 +/- 34 kt of methane was released to the atmosphere during this leak, which exceeds the total emissions from all previously documented accidents. Our study characterizes the evolution and magnitude of the 2023 Karaturun East methane leak and showcases how different types of satellite instruments can be combined to document and quantify methane leaks active during long time periods.
- PublicationExploiting the entire near-infrared spectral range to improve the detection of methane plumes with high-resolution imaging spectrometers(European Geosciences Union, 2024-02-26) Roger Juan, Javier; Guanter Palomar, Luis MarÃa; Gorroño Viñegla, Javier; Irakulis-Loitxate, Itziar; Departamento de FÃsica Aplicada; Escuela Técnica Superior de IngenierÃa de Telecomunicación; Instituto Universitario de IngenierÃa del Agua y del Medio Ambiente; European Space Agency[EN] Remote sensing emerges as an important tool for the detection of methane plumes emitted by so-called point sources, which are common in the energy sector (e.g., oil and gas extraction and coal mining activities). In particular, satellite imaging spectroscopy missions covering the shortwave infrared part of the solar spectrum are very effective for this application. These instruments sample the methane absorption features at the spectral regions around 1700 and 2300 nm, which enables the retrieval of methane concentration enhancements per pixel. Data-driven retrieval methods, in particular those based on the matched filter concept, are widely used to produce maps of methane concentration enhancements from imaging spectroscopy data. Using these maps enables the detection of plumes and the subsequent identification of active sources. However, retrieval artifacts caused by particular surface components may sometimes appear as false plumes or disturbing elements in the methane maps, which complicates the identification of real plumes. In this work, we use a matched filter that exploits a wide spectral window (1000-2500 nm) instead of the usual 2100-2450 nm window with the aim of reducing the occurrence of retrieval artifacts and background noise. This enables a greater ability to discriminate between surface elements and methane. The improvement in plume detection is evaluated through an analysis derived from both simulated data and real data from areas including active point sources, such as the oil and gas (O&G) industry from San Joaquin Valley (US) and the coal mines from the Shanxi region (China). We use datasets from the Precursore IperSpettrale della Missione Applicativa (PRISMA) and the Environmental Mapping and Analysis Program (EnMAP) satellite imaging spectrometer missions and from the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer - Next Generation (AVIRIS-NG) instrument. We find that the interference with atmospheric carbon dioxide and water vapor is generally almost negligible, while co-emission or overlapping of these trace gases with methane plumes leads to a reduction in the retrieved concentration values. Attenuation will also occur in the case of methane emissions situated above surface structures that are associated with retrieval artifacts. The results show that the new approach is an optimal trade-off between the reduction in background noise and retrieval artifacts. This is illustrated by a comprehensive analysis in a PRISMA dataset with 15 identified plumes, where the output mask from an automatic detection algorithm shows an important reduction in the number of clusters not related to CH 4 emissions.
- PublicationDetecting methane emissions from palm oil mills with airborne and spaceborne imaging spectrometers(IOP Publishing, 2024-12-01) Valverde Iglesias, Adriana; Roger Juan, Javier; Gorroño Viñegla, Javier; Irakulis-Loitxate, Itziar; Guanter Palomar, Luis MarÃa; Departamento de FÃsica Aplicada; Escuela Técnica Superior de IngenierÃa de Telecomunicación; Instituto Universitario de IngenierÃa del Agua y del Medio Ambiente; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana; Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt[EN] title Methane (CH4) emissions from human activities are a major cause of global warming, necessitating effective mitigation strategies. In particular, the palm oil industry generates palm oil mill (POM) effluent, which continuously emits methane into the atmosphere. Satellites are becoming a powerful tool to detect and quantify methane emissions, but there is no evidence of their ability to monitor those from POM ponds. In this work, we have tested the potential of methane-capable satellite instruments to detect and quantify emissions from these ponds. We have focused on the satellite missions with the highest sensitivity to methane emissions, namely the GHGSat commercial constellation and the PRISMA, EnMAP, and EMIT imaging spectroscopy missions. We have also tested the AVIRIS-NG airborne imaging spectrometer. We report three methane plumes from POMs in Indonesia with GHGSat and two in Colombia with AVIRIS-NG. In the cases of EnMAP, PRISMA and EMIT, we observed substantial methane concentration enhancements over several ponds in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Colombia. It remains unclear whether they are due to retrieval artifacts caused by the particular albedo of the ponds, although the low spatial correlation between those enhancements and the ponds suggests that at least a fraction of the enhancements is caused by real emissions. By leveraging advanced imaging techniques and satellite data, this research contributes to progressing strategies to address new methane emissions sources with high mitigation potential, providing a first step toward the satellite-based monitoring of methane emissions from POMs.
- PublicationSatellite Characterization of Methane Point Sources by Offshore Oil and Gas PlatForms(MDPI AG, 2024-01-12) Valverde Iglesias, Adriana; Irakulis-Loitxate, Itziar; Roger Juan, Javier; Gorroño Viñegla, Javier; Guanter Palomar, Luis MarÃa; Departamento de FÃsica Aplicada; Escuela Técnica Superior de IngenierÃa de Telecomunicación; Instituto Universitario de IngenierÃa del Agua y del Medio Ambiente; European Space Agency[EN] Reducing methane, which is the second most important anthropogenic greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide, has been shown to be a good opportunity to mitigate global warming in the short to medium time. Remote sensing is nowadays a useful tool for the identification of anthropogenic emission from methane point sources. In this work, we will demonstrate the capability of high-resolution satellites to detect point sources of methane. Specifically, this study focuses on emissions from offshore oil and gas platforms using sun-glint mode acquisitions, as these platforms represent a significant fraction of total emissions and pose a challenging issue due to the low radiation from water.