Establishing the EURO5000 reference baseline

Abstract

[EN] The EURO5000 geodetic reference baseline, a 5 km precise measurement facility, has been established and validated in the existing Geodynamic Test Field at the Pieniny Klippen Belt in Poland, a site chosen for its confirmed geodynamic stability. Over three years, the Warsaw University of Technology (WUT) determined initial baseline lengths through repeated GNSS and EDM measurement campaigns, establishing a detailed uncertainty budget. The stability of the newly installed points was rigorously monitored, contributing to the overall reliability assessment. Calibrated distances were independently verified by two advanced methods. The determined reference distances were independently confirmed by the Universitat Polite`cnica de Vale`ncia (UPV) using precise GBDM + GNSS methodology and by the Conservatoire National des Arts et Metiers (CNAM) with innovative two-color optical Arpent telemetry measurement ADM system, which effectively mitigates atmospheric refractive index challenges. In all cases, results from these independent methods showed strong consistency with the derived reference values within their declared accuracy ranges. The established EURO5000 baseline now serves as a robust European reference for precise distance measurements up to 5 km, demonstrating a remarkable measurement uncertainty below 1 mm (k = 2). This newly established reference standard offers a valuable resource for calibrating long-distance geodetic instruments, providing a highly accurate benchmark.