Artículos, conferencias, monografías

Esta colección está formada por artículos, conferencias, comunicaciones y otras publicaciones elaborados por miembros de la Universitat Politècnica de València.

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Access status: Abierto ,
The intrinsically disordered VQ27 protein links VQ protein interaction networks to stress granule condensation
(Elsevier, 2026-07) Sara; Castillo López Del Toro, Mª Cruz; León, José; Instituto Universitario Mixto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; European Regional Development Fund; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades
[EN] VQ27 is a land plant-specific protein that localizes to the nucleus, cytoplasm, and endoplasmic reticulum in Arabidopsis. Sequence-based predictions indicate that VQ27 contains intrinsically disordered and prion-like domains, suggesting a high propensity for protein-protein interactions and for the formation of biomolecular condensates through liquid-liquid phase separation. Proteomic analyses revealed that VQ27 associates with diverse signaling and regulatory proteins, including several intrinsically disordered partners with phase-separation potential that are core components of stress granules. Consistent with these interactions, VQ27 forms cytoplasmic liquid-like condensates, as demonstrated by FRAP analysis, which co-localize with the stress granule scaffold UBP1b in response to heat and hypoxic stress. The conserved VQ motif and tyrosine residues of VQ27 are required for short-term hypoxia induction, but not for heat-or long-term hypoxia-induced stress granule formation, indicating stress-specific requirements for condensate assembly. Whereas native VQ27-containing granules disassemble upon return to non-stress conditions, granules formed by VQ27 variants with a disrupted VQ motif, or more markedly by variants in which all tyrosine are substituted with phenylalanine, show significantly attenuated recovery, suggesting a role for these residues in condensate reversibility. These findings identify VQ27 as a dynamic regulatory protein that links VQ-mediated protein interaction networks with condensate-based control of protein availability, thereby modulating Arabidopsis responses to environmental cues.
Access status: Abierto ,
Dibujos de estrés: patrones de interferencia birrefringentes como visualización de la tensión invisible de la materia
(UPV/EHU Press, 2026) Garrido Quilis, Arianne; Departamento de Pintura
[EN] This article investigates the visual and conceptual potential of interference patterns generated by polarized light in birefringent plastic materials under stress. These patterns are approached as manifestations of the internal stress of matter: visual translations of invisible physical events. Through an experimental process based on artistic practice, the chromatic configurations that emerge from the internal deformations of objects, usu-ally hidden, are analyzed. Thus, the project «Stress drawings» functions as a graphic record archive that condenses invisible dynamics of strain, pro-posing a reflection on the limits of perception to explore another vision of matter through experimentation with light.
Access status: Abierto ,
Co-creating sustainable solutions for enhancing WEFE nexus governance through stakeholder engagement
(Elsevier, 2026-09) Mónico-González, Valentina; Martínez-Domingo, Desamparados; Gómez Martín, Eulalia; Rubio-Martín, Adrià; Pulido-Velazquez, M.; Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Medio Ambiente; Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería del Agua y del Medio Ambiente; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Caminos, Canales y Puertos; COMISION DE LAS COMUNIDADES EUROPEA
[EN] Governance of the Water-Energy-Food-Ecosystems (WEFE) nexus requires approaches that integrate stakeholder knowledge and support structured decision-making. However, existing participatory processes often struggle to translate stakeholder inputs into structured evaluations of alternative solutions. This study develops a structured co-creation framework and applies it to the Segura River Basin (Spain), combining interviews, multi-actor dialogues, Group Model Building, and Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping (FCM), a semi-quantitative tool for representing feedback structures and integrating qualitative inputs. The process engages stakeholders from the water, energy, food, and ecosystems sectors to jointly identify a set of solutions and evaluate them against twelve system challenges. The results reveal clear differences in the scope and distribution of impacts across the nexus. Solutions focused on renewable energy planning and those promoting alternative water resources generate the most significant cross-sectoral effects, whereas measures related to water governance produce more sector-specific outcomes. A combined efficiency and feasibility assessment identifies interventions based on alternative water resources and renewable energy planning as the most strategically balanced. Beyond the case-specific findings, the proposed framework provides a transparent and transferable approach for linking participatory processes with solution prioritisation in complex socio-ecological contexts.
Access status: Abierto ,
Integrating artificial and collective intelligence in hydro-economic modeling for sustainable irrigation and drought adaptation in Colombia
(Elsevier BV, 2026-06) Polo-Murcia, Sonia Mercedes; García Molla, Marta; Terán-Chaves, César Augusto; Facultad de Administración y Dirección de Empresas; Departamento de Economía y Ciencias Sociales; Centro Valenciano de Estudios sobre el Riego; Universitat Politècnica de València; Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación, Colombia
[EN] Water-scarce smallholder regions require irrigation strategies that are both biophysically credible and socially legitimate. We propose an integrated hydro-economic decision-support framework for the Cesar Department (Colombia) that couples (i) AI emulation of FAO AquaCrop crop¿water responses, (ii) Bayesian aggregation of collective intelligence elicited under Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP) using an AHP-anchored, two-round Delphi protocol, and (iii) a household linear program enforcing diversification and a Top-M social-alignment rule with penalized slack. XGBoost surrogates generate household-specific yield and net irrigation requirement coefficients for four crops under a dry-year baseline (test R2: 0.89¿0.93 for yield; 0.87¿0.91 for NIR). Expert-derived SSP-specific crop priority vectors are modeled on the simplex and combined via a Dirichlet posterior to produce crop-preference weights with 95% credible intervals, operationalized as social-weight layers (Base/Low/High/Uniform/Favored). The model solves 2520 household¿scenario combinations (168 households × 3 SSPs × 5 layers) with full feasibility and zero slack use. Increasing normative leverage through the minimum-alignment quota (¿) and social-reward scaling (¿) raises the social welfare component with limited income disruption in SSP1 and SSP4: in SSP4, the mean objective increases from USD 8334 (Base) to USD 11,427 (Favored), driven by the social term (USD 3283 ¿ 6382) while net income remains stable (~USD 5045¿5052). SSP3 provides a stress test, revealing tighter feasibility (alignment 0.582 and net income USD 3661 under Low; binding rate 22%). Across Socioeconomic Vulnerability Index (SEVI) terciles, mean income declines by ~42% while alignment remains high, motivating complementary investments that relax constraints for high-vulnerability households. Overall, embedding uncertainty-aware social priorities into hydro-economic optimization enables policy-relevant, scenario-conditional irrigation guidance while transparently revealing when preference-consistent targeting is compatible with feasibility and when it requires enabling investments.
Access status: Abierto ,
Geographical Literacy and Preventive Culture in the Face of Natural Disasters: Analysis of the Master Plan for Analysis, Anticipation and Reaction of the Valencian Community, Spain
(MDPI, 2026-07-14) Morote, Álvaro-Francisco; Olcina, Jorge; López-Rodríguez, Daniel; Micó-Vicent, B.; Jordán-Núñez, Jorge; Belda, Antonio; Departamento de Matemática Aplicada; Departamento de Ingeniería Gráfica; Centro de Investigación en Tecnologías Gráficas; Escuela Politécnica Superior de Alcoy; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; European Regional Development Fund
[EN] This study analyses the Master Plan for Analysis, Anticipation and Reaction to Natural Disasters of the Valencian Community (Spain) from the perspective of geographical risk literacy. The research adopts a qualitative methodology based on documentary analysis and conceptual assessment of public policy. The corpus includes Valencian institutional documents, Spanish civil protection and education regulations, international disaster risk reduction frameworks and the scientific literature on geography education, risk perception, social vulnerability and school preparedness. The findings show that the plan can strengthen institutional coordination, public communication and preventive culture through its preventive orientation, phased structure, official sources, attention to vulnerable groups, updated cartography and promotion of drills. However, its social effectiveness will depend on transforming protocols and guides into verifiable citizen capacities: identifying hazards, recognizing local exposure, interpreting warnings and maps, selecting safe routes, preparing households and rehearsing decisions in realistic contexts. The article proposes complementing the plan with a geographical literacy programme for territorial resilience based on local risk sheets, school atlases, evaluated drills, community mediation, accessible viewers and public monitoring indicators. The discussion places the Valencian case within international debates on disaster risk reduction, anticipatory governance, people-centred early warning systems and school safety. Because no empirical implementation data are yet available, the contribution is framed as an analytical and design-oriented framework requiring subsequent validation through pilots, surveys, interviews and evaluated drills.
Access status: Abierto ,
Diagnostic system for tebuthiuron soil ecotoxicity using morphophysiological indicators of Mucuna pruriens validated by Lactuca sativa
(Elsevier, 2026-06-03) Cruz, Victor Hugo; Matos Lopes, Paulo Renato; Araujo Frias, Yanca; Maia, João Pedro; Velázquez Martí, Borja; Departamento de Ingeniería Rural y Agroalimentaria; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y del Medio Natural; Grupo de Mecanización y Tecnología Agraria; Agrisus Foundation; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo; Coordenaçao de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Brasil; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Brasil
[EN] This study developed an integrated diagnostic system for tebuthiuron-induced soil ecotoxicity based on morphophysiological indicators of Mucuna pruriens, using the germination index (GI) of Lactuca sativa as a sensitive ecotoxicological validation endpoint. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions using a completely randomized design with 12 treatments and 360 individual pots (independent samples evaluated via destructive sampling), which were distributed across five evaluation periods at 14, 28, 42, 56, and 70 days after sowing. Morphophysiological variables, including plant height, root length, shoot and root dry mass, chlorophyll content, nodule number, and visual phytotoxicity, were quantified and integrated with multivariate and probabilistic modeling approaches. Given the multifactorial nature of the germination index, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to identify ecological and physiological gradients associated with plant vigor, stress, and symbiotic functioning. The PCA outputs were subsequently used as inputs for Probabilistic Neural Networks (PNNs), enabling the classification and prediction of bioindicator-based ecotoxicological levels using mathematically defined low, medium, and high GI classes. Model performance was internally assessed using training and validation datasets, confusion matrices, overall accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and ROC curves. Because no independent external dataset was available, the predictive performance should be interpreted as evidence of internal consistency rather than definitive generalizability across different soils, climates, herbicide doses, or field conditions. Multivariate analyses revealed that ecotoxicological attenuation trajectories in tebuthiuroncontaminated soils are inherently nonlinear, being structured by coordinated shifts in morphophysiological traits rather than isolated responses of individual variables. The integrated PCA¿PNN framework demonstrated that aboveground traits. Particularly plant height, chlorophyll content, and shoot dry mass, were more sensitive indicators of tebuthiuron-induced stress than root traits alone. Higher GI values were associated with PCA regions characterized by increased shoot biomass, greater plant height, reduced phytotoxicity, and improved physiological performance, whereas lower GI classes corresponded to suppressed growth and multidimensional stress signatures. The progressive convergence between plant vigor and GI across evaluation periods suggests a gradual mitigation of ecotoxicological stress signals on the indicator plants, indicating transitions from acute injury to physiological adaptation states. These findings confirm that M. pruriens functions as an effective bioindicator for diagnosing soil ecotoxicological status and monitoring tebuthiuron-induced impacts. However, as tebuthiuron residues were not chemically quantified, these responses should not be interpreted as direct evidence of herbicide degradation, dissipation, or removal. These findings confirm that M. pruriens functions as an effective bioindicator for diagnosing soil ecotoxicological status and monitoring tebuthiuron-induced impacts. However, as tebuthiuron residues were not chemically quantified, the observed improvements should be interpreted as evidence of physiological adaptation and/or ecological attenuation rather than definitive proof of herbicide degradation or removal.
Access status: Abierto ,
Simple handwritten text recognition techniques for highly accurate writer identification
(Springer-Verlag, 2026-07-15) Toselli, Alejandro Héctor; Cuellar, Alvaro; Boadas, Sonia; Vidal, Enrique; Sánchez Peiró, Joan Andreu; Departamento de Sistemas Informáticos y Computación; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Informática; Centro de Investigación Pattern Recognition and Human Language Technology; Generalitat Valenciana; Generalitat de Catalunya; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; European Regional Development Fund; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades
[EN] The theater of the Spanish Early Modern period encompasses thousands of textual works and hundreds of playwrights and is one of the greatest examples of Spanish literature. These works were usually copied and altered, changing sometimes the meaning of the original works written by the authors. Therefore, identifying autograph testimonies written directly by the playwrights themselves are of particular importance. In this paper, we address an approach for writer identification based on Deep Convolutional-Recurrent Neural Networks and n-gram language models. The identification task is posed as a classification problem, introducing a probabilistic framework that goes beyond the plain transcription of handwritten text. Experiments are conducted to validate our proposal to distinguish between Lope de Vega's manuscripts and other non-Lope hands. The good results achieved will ultimately allow to provide modern researchers with a useful tool for cultural heritage recovery.
Access status: Cerrado ,
Análisis del rendimiento adsorbente y caracterización de un híbrido haloisita-antocianina.
(Asociación Española de Químicos y Coloristas Textiles (AEQCT), 2026-03) Rutschi-De-Cea, Teresa; López-Rodríguez, Daniel; Micó-Vicent, B.; Jordán-Núñez, Jorge; Departamento de Matemática Aplicada; Departamento de Ingeniería Gráfica; Centro de Investigación en Tecnologías Gráficas; Escuela Politécnica Superior de Alcoy
[EN] The development of sustainable pigments from natural sources has become increasingly important due to the need to replace synthetic dyes and make use of renewable resources. This study investigated the formulation of hybrid pigments based on the adsorption of anthocyanins (ANT) extracted from pomegranate residues onto halloysite nanotubes (HNT), with the purpose of evaluating their behavior under variable conditions. A factorial design was employed to analyze the combined effect of pH and two surfactants¿cetylpyridinium bromide and sodium dodecyl sulfate¿on the adsorption process and on the final properties of the material. Experiments were conducted in 400 mL dispersions containing 10 g of halloysite and 5% w/w anthocyanins, together with 2% w/w surfactant and 200 µL of silane. The mixtures were initially stirred for one hour and then maintained at 500 rpm for an additional 23 hours to promote stable adsorption and minimize premature desorption. Characterization through TGA, XRD, FTIR, UV-Vis/NIR, SEM, EDX, and BET demonstrated that the HNT structure is preserved and additionally improves the structural and thermal stability of the hybrids (AHA). Colorimetric results revealed that pH is the most decisive factor in the final hue: high values generated brighter yellowish pigments, whereas low values produced reddish to bluish tones with greater variability. Overall, the findings confirm the suitability of halloysite as a support for natural colorants and highlight its potential for the design of sustainable hybrid pigments. These insights contribute to advancing environmentally conscious coloration technologies and provide a foundation for future optimization of adsorption mechanisms and material performance research.
Access status: Abierto ,
CRYSP: a total-body PET based on cryogenic cesium iodide crystals
(IOP Publishing, 2026-01-20) Soleti, S. R.; Dietz, P.; Esteve Bosch, Raul; García-Barrena, Jara; Herrero Bosch, Vicente; Lopez, F.; Monrabal, F.; Navarro-Cozcolluela, L.; Oblak, E.; Pelegrin, J.; Renner, J.; Toledo Alarcón, José Francisco; Torelli, S.; Gomez-Cadenas, J. J.; Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Telecomunicación; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial; Escuela Politécnica Superior de Gandia; Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular; Eusko Jaurlaritza; Generalitat Valenciana; Fundació Bancària Caixa d'Estalvis i Pensions de Barcelona
[EN] Objective. Total body positron emission tomography (TBPET) scanners have the potential to substantially reduce both acquisition time and administered radiation dose, owing to their high sensitivity. However, their widespread clinical adoption is hindered by the high cost of currently available systems. This work explores the use of pure cesium iodide (CsI) monolithic crystals operated at cryogenic temperatures as a cost-effective alternative to rare-earth scintillators for TBPET. Approach. We investigate the performance of pure CsI crystals operated at cryogenic temperatures (similar to 100 K), where they achieve a light yield of approximately 105 photons/MeV. The implications for energy resolution, spatial resolution (including depth-of-interaction (d.o.i.) capability), and timing performance are assessed, with a view toward their integration into a TBPET system. Main results. Cryogenic CsI crystals demonstrated energy resolution below 7% and coincidence time resolution (CTR) at the nanosecond level, despite their relatively slow scintillation decay time. A Monte Carlo simulation of monolithic CsI crystals shows that a millimeter-scale spatial resolution in all three dimensions can be obtained. These characteristics indicate that high-performance PET imaging is achievable with this technology. Significance. A TBPET scanner based on cryogenic CsI monolithic crystals could combine excellent imaging performance with significantly reduced detector costs, enabling broader accessibility and accelerating the adoption of TBPET in both clinical and research settings.
Access status: Embargado ,
A New Tailored Analytical Method for Estimating Breach Parameters and Peak Discharge in Earthen Ponds
(Springer-Verlag, 2026-01-05) Delgado, Monica; Sánchez-Romero, Francisco-Javier; Pérez-Sánchez, Modesto; Ramos, Helena M.; Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Medio Ambiente; Departamento de Ingeniería Rural y Agroalimentaria; Escuela Politécnica Superior de Alcoy; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y del Medio Natural
[EN] Earthen pond failures pose a frequently underestimated risk in water resources management, particularly in agricultural regions where such ponds are often constructed without formal engineering design, located outside natural riverbeds, and operated without continuous inflow. These conditions lead to failure mechanisms, breach development processes, and hydraulic responses that differ markedly from those of conventional dams, predicting breach parameters highly uncertain. Among these parameters, breach formation time is especially difficult to estimate due to the lack of analytical models specifically developed for ponds. This study presents a new analytical methodology to predict breach parameters (formation time, average width, and side slope) for ponds with storage capacities below 5 Hm3 . A comprehensive database of 229 cases, including 68 real-world breach events, was compiled and used to develop and validate the model. Results indicate that the proposed improved the estimation of peak discharge compared with existing approaches in 99.94% of cases, providing a more reliable basis for hydraulic simulations for breach width in 66.45% and 96.95% for breach formation time of the cases. The findings offer a tailored and validated tool for small pond applications, strengthening risk assessment, improving flood modelling accuracy, and supporting water resources planning in rural and agricultural contexts.
Access status: Abierto ,
Developing a Predictive Model for Gender-Based Violence in Urban Areas Using Open Data
(MDPI AG, 2026) Hernández-Zetina, Sandra; Martín Furones, Ángel Esteban; Verdú-Candela, Álvaro; Martínez-Montes, Carlos; Anquela Julián, Ana Belén; Departamento de Ingeniería Cartográfica Geodesia y Fotogrametría; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Geodésica, Cartográfica y Topográfica; Grupo de Cartografía, Geodesia y GPS; GENERALITAT VALENCIANA
[EN] Gender-based violence (GBV) in urban contexts is a complex, multifactorial phenomenon shaped by socioeconomic, territorial, and contextual factors. This study aims to develop a predictive model for GBV-related crimes in Valencia (Spain), using open geospatial data and advanced machine learning techniques to support the identification of high-risk areas and guide targeted interventions. A 25 m grid was generated to homogenize crime data and independent variables, including socioeconomic indicators, urban services, real estate information, and traffic intensity. Multiple models were tested¿Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), Decision Tree (DT), and Random Forest (RF). Linear models were found to be insufficient for explaining GBV patterns (R2 ¿ 0.45), while RF and DT achieved high predictive accuracy (R2 ¿ 0.97 and 0.95, respectively. The variables with the greatest influence were traffic intensity, average monthly income, unemployment rate, and proximity to nightlife venues. To enhance the interpretability of the most accurate models, we applied SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) to quantify the contribution of each predictor and elucidate the direction and magnitude of their effects on model predictions. These findings demonstrate the utility of geospatial ML techniques in understanding the spatial dynamics of GBV and in supporting urban safety policies. While the current model focuses on static spatial predictors and does not explicitly model temporal dynamics or spatial autocorrelation, future research will integrate these aspects, along with participatory data, and test the model¿s applicability in other cities to enhance its robustness and generalizability.
Access status: Abierto ,
Premature tapetum degradation of Cakile maritima under drought and low or moderate salinity does not reduce its reproductive fitness
(Elsevier, 2026-09) Mircea, Diana Maria; Lenferink, Saskia; Prohens Tomás, Jaime; Vicente, Oscar; Boscaiu, Monica; Mir Moreno, Ricardo; Departamento de Ecosistemas Agroforestales; Departamento de Biotecnología; Instituto Universitario de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana; Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y del Medio Natural; Generalitat Valenciana; Universitat Politècnica de València
[EN] Salinity and drought are major environmental stresses that constrain plant growth and reproductive success. Cakile maritima, a facultative halophyte of the Brassicaceae family, represents a promising model for studying plant salt tolerance. In this study, established plants were subjected to eight weeks of increasing salt treatments (100, 200, and 400 mM NaCl) and drought stress to evaluate their physiological and reproductive responses. Mild and moderate salinity had minimal effects on vegetative growth and reproductive output, whereas severe salinity significantly reduced shoot length as well as flower and fruit production. Ion profiling revealed dosedependent accumulation of Na¿ and Cl¿ in roots and leaves, while proline, an osmoprotective compound, accumulated only under extreme salinity. Histological and cytological analyses demonstrated that both stresses induced premature tapetum degeneration and accelerated pollen development. Notably, pollen germination was strongly inhibited under 400 mM NaCl, consistent with the observed reduction in fruit set. This study provides the first comprehensive characterisation of C. maritima reproductive performance under salt and drought stress conditions, highlighting its high resilience and adaptability to low and moderate salinity. These findings advance our understanding of halophyte reproductive plasticity and underscore the potential of C. maritima as a model for investigating mechanisms of stress tolerance.
Access status: Abierto ,
Functions of Temporary Pavilions Developed within Academic Design Courses in the Housing Environment
(Sciendo, 2026-05) Wierzbicka, Anna Maria; Orchowska, Anita; Maniak, Ewa; Serrano Lanzarote, Apolonia Begoña; Rubio-Garrido, Alberto; Departamento de Proyectos Arquitectónicos; Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura; Departamento de Mecánica de los Medios Continuos y Teoría de Estructuras
[EN] This research analyses the roles of architectural function and location in the design of temporary pavilions built within academic teaching. This study examines structures designed and constructed by architecture students in a design¿build format, which function as spatial interventions within the housing environment. The work aims to demonstrate that, in everyday projects, function and place take precedence over form and construction. The analysis covers six projects completed in Warsaw and Valencia between 2022 and 2025, including projects from the ¿Stawiamy_¿ initiative and workshops at the Universitat Politècnica de València. It compares them with teaching experiences at ETH Zürich. The results indicate that temporary pavilions operating within a housing environment redefine architecture as a relational process that develops through the use of space.
Access status: Abierto ,
Diversity Methods for Improving Convergence and Accuracy of Quantum Error Correction Decoders Through Hardware Emulation
(Verein zur Förderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften, 2026-04-16) Garcia-Herrero, Francisco; Valls Coquillat, Javier; Vergara-Picazo, Llanos; Torres Carot, Vicente; Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Telecomunicación; Instituto Universitario de Telecomunicación y Aplicaciones Multimedia; Escuela Politécnica Superior de Gandia; Desconocido; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; European Regional Development Fund
[EN] As quantum computing moves toward fault-tolerant architectures, quantum error correction (QEC) decoder performance is increasingly critical for scalability. Understanding the impact of transitioning from floating-point software to finite-precision hardware is essential, as hardware decoder performance affects code distance, qubit requirements, and connectivity between quantum and classical control units. This paper introduces a hardware emulator to evaluate QEC decoders using real hardware instead of software models. The emulator can explore 1013 different error patterns in 20 days with a single FPGA device running at 150 MHz, guaranteeing the decoder's performance at logical rates of 10-12, the requirement for most quantum algorithms. In contrast, an optimized C++ software on an Intel Core i9 with 128 GB RAM would take over a year to achieve similar results. The emulator also enables the storage of uncorrectable error patterns that generate logical errors, allowing for offline analysis and the design of new decoders. Using results from the emulator, we propose a method that combines several belief propagation (BP) decoders with different quantization levels, which we define as a diversity-based decoder. Individually, these decoders may show subpar error correction, but together they outperform the floating-point version of BP for quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes like hypergraph or lifted product. Preliminary results with circuit-level noise and bivariate bicycle codes suggest that hardware insights can also improve software. Our diversity-based proposal achieves a similar logical error rate as the well-known approach, BP with ordered statistics (BP+OSD) decoding, with average speed improvements ranging from 30% to 80%, and 10% to 120% in worst-case scenarios, while reducing post-processing algorithm activation from 47% to 96.93%, maintaining the same accuracy.
Access status: Abierto ,
The double movements of port cities: Top-down expansion, bottom-up resistance in Durban and Valencia
(SAGE Publications, 2026-05) Savoldi, Francesca; Bond, Patrick; Alonso-Monasterio Fernandez, Pau; Departamento de Urbanismo; Instituto del Transporte y Territorio; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Caminos, Canales y Puertos
[EN] Port cities stand at the center of the contradictions of supply-chain capitalism, where large-scale logistical expansion collides with social, economic, and environmental priorities on the ground. Drawing on critical logistics scholarship and ethnographic research, the article conceptualizes port infrastructure as a site of Polanyian double movement: while enabling the expansion of global circulation, it simultaneously provokes counter-movements, where alliances can form across sectors and where narrow single-issue politics (¿Not In My Back Yard¿) can be transcended. The analysis examines Durban, South Africa, and Valencia, Spain¿two cities confronting distinct port expansion projects that have given rise to wide-ranging social resistance. In Durban, the expansion of the port¿petrochemical complex is rooted in extractivist logics, with social resistance envisioning solutions tied to just transition in the wake of contestations related to shipping volumes and oil refining capacity. In Valencia, port expansion aims at growing transshipment, reigniting longstanding disputes over urban livability, ecological sustainability, and post-growth development. While shaped by different histories and political trajectories, these struggles converge in exposing the uneven costs of logistical growth and in generating alternative visions of development and urban futures.
Access status: Abierto ,
Long-term dynamics of groundwater levels under rice-based irrigation systems in South-East Kazakhstan
(Springer-Verlag, 2026-02-11) Barmakova, D.B.; Rodrigo-Ilarri, Javier; Shakibayev, I.I.; Rodrigo-Clavero, María-Elena; Yerikuly, Z.; Zavaley, V.A.; Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Medio Ambiente; Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería del Agua y del Medio Ambiente; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Caminos, Canales y Puertos; Erasmus+
[EN] Kazakhstan, located predominantly in an arid climatic zone, relies heavily on irrigation to sustain paddy farming and ensure food security. However, prolonged irrigation practices have substantially altered the groundwater regime, affecting groundwater levels, recharge-discharge patterns and the water-salt balance of soils. These transformations, often difficult to reverse, impact both irrigated lands and adjacent areas, compromising land productivity and the sustainability of rice farming systems. Groundwater dynamics in these areas result from the interplay between natural factors (such as climatic variability, natural drainage and sediment filtration properties) and anthropogenic drivers, including the types and condition of irrigation systems, crop patterns, irrigation scheduling and water management practices. In recent years, climate change, water scarcity, and the degradation of irrigation infrastructure have intensified these processes. This study, based on long-term hydrogeological monitoring data, analyses groundwater regime changes in rice-based irrigation systems of South-East Kazakhstan and evaluates their implications for soil conditions and agricultural productivity. The results reveal heterogeneous spatial and temporal patterns: declining groundwater levels in some areas have alleviated waterlogging and improved soil conditions, while other zones still suffer from waterlogging and soil salinization, limiting crop yields. The identified patterns provide a robust basis for designing adaptive irrigation and groundwater management strategies to enhance the sustainability and resilience of rice farming systems under increasing climatic and hydrological challenges.
Access status: Abierto ,
Integrated optimization framework for fire-resilient and sustainable hybrid steel-concrete composite footbridges
(Elsevier, 2026-08-01) Tres Junior, Fernando Luiz; de Medeiros, Guilherme Fleith; Kripka, Moacir; Yepes, V.; Departamento de Ingeniería de la Construcción y de Proyectos de Ingeniería Civil; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Caminos, Canales y Puertos; Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Ciencia y Tecnología del Hormigón; AGENCIA ESTATAL DE INVESTIGACION; European Regional Development Fund; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Brasil
[EN] While structural optimization is essential for sustainable design, its potential for complex structures to enhance resilience to extreme events remains underexplored. Hybrid steel-concrete systems offer significant performance benefits, yet their efficiency under these critical scenarios requires further investigation. This study addresses these gaps by proposing a straightforward and integrated multi-objective optimization framework that treats fire performance as a primary design driver alongside cost, environmental impact, and pedestrian comfort. The framework is demonstrated on a 20¿m simply supported steel-concrete composite footbridge composed of two hybrid welded I-girders and a 3 m-wide concrete deck, with design variables defined by geometry, material strengths, and the degree of composite interaction. Results demonstrate that hybrid girders are highly effective across all scenarios, reducing total costs relative to conventional girders while maintaining comparable environmental performance. These benefits are particularly significant for designs that prioritize dynamic efficiency, where cost reductions reach up to 21% even under high comfort requirements. Optimal configurations typically employ lower-strength steel for the web and higher-strength steel for the flanges, with a yield strength ratio of around 1.6 as a practical design recommendation. Fire safety is improved with more compact girders, whereas slender geometries enhance dynamic performance, highlighting the distinct nature of these objectives. Incorporating fire performance considerations at the conceptual design stage leads to safer, more resilient, and cost-effective footbridges with minimal environmental impact. Overall, the proposed framework promotes performance-based structural design by supporting informed decision-making across multiple competing criteria and extreme conditions.
Access status: Embargado ,
Cross-linguistic Delegitimization of Women Leaders in Online Political Discourse
(Springer Internat. Publ., 2026-01) Sikorskii, Sergei; Carrió-Pastor, María Luisa; Garofalo, Giovanni; Departamento de Lingüística Aplicada; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Geodésica, Cartográfica y Topográfica; Grupo de Análisis de las Lenguas de Especialidad (GALE); GENERALITAT VALENCIANA
[EN] This study investigates how Judgement resources in online political discourse contribute to the delegitimization of two women leaders, Isabel Díaz Ayuso and Giorgia Meloni, across Spanish and Italian contexts. Drawing on Appraisal Theory, we analyze 2000 hostile replies posted on X and examine how individual Judgement categories and their co-occurring configurations index stances that undermine the political credibility, competence, and normative alignment of these leaders. The study combines qualitative appraisal annotation with quantitative analyses of category distributions, evaluative configurations, identity-salience cues, and statistical modelling. The findings reveal distinct yet partially overlapping evaluative repertoires across the two settings, highlighting how attacks on competence, morality, authenticity, and behavioral expectations are strategically combined to construct delegitimizing positions, with particularly strong effects for Tenacity-, Normality-, and Propriety-. The study contributes to research on gendered political discourse by showing how evaluative meanings are patterned, internally systematic, and contextually shaped across languages. Implications for cross-linguistic hostility research and the methodological affordances of configuration-based appraisal analysis are discussed.
Access status: Abierto ,
Emerging risk assessment in areas affected by the Valencia DANA flood: Microplastics and pathogens in sediment and dust
(Elsevier, 2026-05-15) Santiago; Generalitat Valenciana; Agencia Estatal de Investigación
[EN] This study aims to quantify the concentration and characterize the morphology of microplastics (MPs) and microbial contaminants in sediment and dust samples from areas affected by the ¿DANA¿, an Isolated High-Level Depression or cold drop. The floods caused by the DANA on October 29th, 2024, resulted in significant damage across several regions in eastern Spain, transporting sediments and (emerging)-contaminants to urban, agricultural, and aquatic ecosystems. Samples were collected from the main affected municipalities. MPs were identified using Raman spectroscopy, while microbial contaminants were analyzed through ISO-standard culture methods, plaque assays for coliphages, and RT-qPCR for enteric viruses. The results of this study showed that dust samples contained twice the concentration of MPs per gram compared to sediment samples, primarily composed of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), rubber (SBR) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Morphological analysis revealed a prevalence of fragments over fibres and films, with smaller particle sizes in the dust samples, increasing their potential for dispersion and inhalation. The presence of microbial contaminants in dust was low. In contrast, the sediments were identified as key reservoirs of pathogenic microorganisms, including Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, and human enteric viruses, which may lead to prolonged environmental persistence and increased risks to ecosystems and human health. These results confirm that flood events can redistribute MPs and pathogens differently across sludge and dust, representing a critical pathway for human exposure. These findings underline the urgent need for control and mitigation strategies to limit the environmental dispersal of these contaminants. Given their potential impacts on ecosystems, soil quality, and human health, further research is required to evaluate the long-term consequences of microplastics and associated pollutants in the affected regions.
Access status: Abierto ,
Chromoselective Access to Z- or E-Allylated Amines and Heterocycles by a Photocatalytic Allylation Reaction
(Nature Publishing Group, 2019-06) Pérez-Ruiz, Raúl; Martinez Gualda, Ana Maria; Cano, Rafael; Marzo, Leyre; Barrera, Javier; Mas Ballesté, Rubén; Fraile, Alberto; De la Peña O'Shea, Victor A.; Alemán, Jose; Departamento de Química; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial; Grupo de estudio de estados excitados: detección, dinámica, transformaciones y campos de aplicación; European Research Council; European Structural and Investment Funds; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad
[EN] The most useful strategies for the alkylation of allylic systems are related to the Tsuji-Trost reaction or the use of different Lewis acids. Herein we report a photocatalytic approach for the allylation reaction of a variety of nucleophiles, such as heteroarenes, amines and alcohols. This method is compatible with a large variety of pyrroles and indoles, containing different substituents such as electron-withdrawing and electron-donating groups, unprotected nitrogen atoms and bromo derivatives. Moreover, this methodology enables the chromoselective synthesis of Z- or E-allylated compounds. While the use of UV-light irradiation has allowed the synthesis of the previously inaccessible Z-allylated products, E-isomers are prepared simply by changing both the light source to the visible region, and the catalytic system. Based on mechanistic and photochemical proofs, laser flash photolysis studies and DFT calculations, a rational mechanism is presented.

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