Análisis de la influencia de las capas compuestas de madera en la distribución de tensiones mediante el método de elementos finitos

Abstract

[ES] Tomando como muestra una bifurcación de una rama de árbol, vamos a recrear dicho elemento por modelado 3D utilizando SolidWorks creando una pieza solida con diferentes capas internas, cada capa será un anillo de crecimiento del árbol y seguidamente crearemos otro modelado parecido con menos capas formado por elementos compuestos como la fibra de carbono. Pasando dichas piezas a un programa de cálculo de elementos finitos Abaqus, obtendremos los resultados al someter ambas piezas a diferentes tipos de esfuerzos. De esta forma observaremos porque el punto mas bajo de la "V" no rompe aunque sea el punto de mayor acumulación de tensiones, e intentaremos recrear el mismo efecto con materiales compuestos.

[EN] The objective of the present work is to analyze one sample of a wooden branch designed in 3D using SolidWorks and then import the piece to a Finite element program: Abaqus. This is necessary whether we want to know why any branch never breaks in the middle, always the fissure goes to one side, even if is supposed to be stronger. The main problem presented is to represent this branch accurately to get a proper data once is analyzed, after some bad recreations and modeling, the result is one of the most accurate, and realistic samples we could obtain. Knowing this, using a computer software, in this case SolidWorks, will proceed to design the model, based and starting from dimensions taken in the original branch and adding as much as shields as rings of growth has the branch; both, the internal nucleus, and the first layer will be created as solids, the rest will be created as shield.