Estudio comparativo de la deuda pública de Ecuador y España

Abstract

[ES] En el presente TFM se pretende analizar y comparar el conjunto de deuda pública que mantienen Ecuador y España, examinando el nivel de endeudamiento que tiene cada país en relación a su Producto Interno Bruto en el presente. Asimismo, se va a determinar quienes son sus inversores, qué tipo de deuda es emitida y sus características, y cuál es el período de tiempo más común de emisión, sea este a corto medio o largo plazo y medio, por el que se ofertan los valores de deuda. Simultáneamente al estudio de la situación de cada país, con la información obtenida se realizará una comparación de las páginas web donde se expone la información de la deuda pública, para determinar diferencias y semejanzas en la estructura de funcionamiento del mercado de deuda de Ecuador y España.

[EN] This Master's Final Project compares the public debt of Spain with the debt of Ecuador, after the study of the different components of the debt and its evolution. On one hand, we have Spain, a country whose debt has been aggravated by the economic crises it has been through. The public sector in Spain, made up by the Central Administration, autonomous communities, local corporations and Social Security administrations, issues Treasury Bills, Bonds and State Obligations, in the short and long term respectively, to obtain financing; these securities are traded both in the primary market, as well as in the secondary market of public debt, in which natural, legal, resident and non-resident persons are able to participate. In these markets, interested parties can invest in any of the securities, enjoying competitive rates. On the other hand, is Ecuador, a country immersed in debts, due to high public spending and its dependence on income from exports; its public financial and non-financial sector, seek monetary resources, through the issuance of Sovereign Bonds and Treasury certificates, these are offered in the ecuadorian stock market; you can invest in these securities through authorized securities houses. In addition, Ecuador has registered debt with other countries and international organizations.