Estrategias de alimentación diferenciada en conejos lactantes en el marco de un sistema de alimentación a medida

Abstract

[ES] Se conoce que los conejos lactantes generalmente se les alimenta con una dieta para conejas lactantes hasta el destete y una dieta para conejos de engorde después del destete. En el contexto de la alimentación diferenciada en conejos lactantes, se plantea la hipótesis de que el uso de dietas más ricas en energía digestible y/o proteína bruta puede mejorar el crecimiento de los conejos jóvenes. Esto se lograría si el contenido de fibra soluble e insoluble es adecuado para favorecer la implantación de un ecosistema microbiano cecal y la fermentación, manteniendo una salud intestinal adecuada durante el engorde. El objetivo es definir la composición nutricional adecuada de una dieta para conejos lactantes, dividiendo el trabajo en dos tareas secuenciales. La primera tarea aborda los efectos de los contenidos de energía digestible y proteína bruta, mientras que la segunda estudia los efectos de los contenidos de fibra soluble e insoluble, manteniendo niveles más favorables de energía digestible y proteína bruta para conejos lactantes. La fórmula de alimentación resultante de estas tareas se utilizará como dieta K en el proyecto.

[EN] It is known that young rabbits are generally fed a diet for lactating does until weaning, and a fattening diet after weaning. In the context of differentiated feeding for lactating rabbits, the hypothesis is proposed that the use of diets richer in digestible energy and/or crude protein could improve the growth of young rabbits. This improvement would be achieved if the content of soluble and insoluble fiber is adequate to promote the establishment of a cecal microbial ecosystem and fermentation, maintaining proper intestinal health during fattening. The objective is to define the appropriate nutritional composition of a diet for lactating rabbits by addressing the effects of digestible energy and crude protein content. In the experiment, four isofibrous experimental feeds were formulated and manufactured with two levels of DE and two levels of CP. Sixty does and 160 litters of three-way crosses (LP x H does inseminated with R bucks) from the second and third parity at UPV were used. Milk production will be monitored from birth until weaning, ensuring that during the first 30 days of life, the kits receive milk provided by the mother. At 15 days postpartum, the litters were divided into 5 experimental groups (32 animals per group, 4 experimental groups and 1 control group). From that day until 35 days of age (5 days after weaning), the groups were fed their respective diets. From 35 to 63 days postpartum, all groups received a standard diet for growing rabbits. The animals were always fed ad libitum. After the statistical analyses, it was concluded that it is advisable to control the hardness of the feed during the first days of solid feed consumption. Additionally, the use of easily digestible ingredients is crucial for the early development of kits. Lastly, kits that are fed diets high in energy and digestible protein reach slightly higher weight values compared to those fed other diets.