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Crocins with high levels of sugar conjugation contribute to the yellow colours of early-spring flowering

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Crocins with high levels of sugar conjugation contribute to the yellow colours of early-spring flowering

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dc.contributor.author Rubio-Moraga, A. es_ES
dc.contributor.author Ahrazem, Oussama es_ES
dc.contributor.author Rambla Nebot, Jose Luis es_ES
dc.contributor.author Granell Richart, Antonio es_ES
dc.contributor.author Gómez Gómez, Lourdes es_ES
dc.date.accessioned 2014-08-28T10:59:37Z
dc.date.available 2014-08-28T10:59:37Z
dc.date.issued 2013-09
dc.identifier.issn 1932-6203
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10251/39273
dc.description.abstract Crocus sativus is the source of saffron spice, the processed stigma which accumulates glucosylated apocarotenoids known as crocins. Crocins are found in the stigmas of other Crocuses, determining the colourations observed from pale yellow to dark red. By contrast, tepals in Crocus species display a wider diversity of colours which range from purple, blue, yellow to white. In this study, we investigated whether the contribution of crocins to colour extends from stigmas to the tepals of yellow Crocus species. Tepals from seven species were analysed by UPLC-PDA and ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS revealing for the first time the presence of highly glucosylated crocins in this tissue. beta-carotene was found to be the precursor of these crocins and some of them were found to contain rhamnose, never before reported. When crocin profiles from tepals were compared with those from stigmas, clear differences were found, including the presence of new apocarotenoids in stigmas. Furthermore, each species showed a characteristic profile which was not correlated with the phylogenetic relationship among species. While gene expression analysis in tepals of genes involved in carotenoid metabolism showed that phytoene synthase was a key enzyme in apocarotenoid biosynthesis in tepals. Expression of a crocetin glucosyltransferase, previously identified in saffron, was detected in all the samples. The presence of crocins in tepals is compatible with the role of chromophores to attract pollinators. The identification of tepals as new sources of crocins is of special interest given their wide range of applications in medicine, cosmetics and colouring industries. es_ES
dc.description.sponsorship The laboratory is supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (BIO2009-07803) and participates in the IBERCAROT network (112RT0445). Dr. Ahrazem was funded by FPCYTA through the INCRECYT Programme. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. en_EN
dc.language Inglés es_ES
dc.publisher Public Library of Science es_ES
dc.relation.ispartof PLoS ONE es_ES
dc.rights Reconocimiento (by) es_ES
dc.subject Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase es_ES
dc.subject Boronia-megastigma nees es_ES
dc.subject Mycorrhizal roots es_ES
dc.subject Sativus stigmas es_ES
dc.subject C-27 apocarotenoids es_ES
dc.subject Gene-expression es_ES
dc.subject In-vitro es_ES
dc.subject Saffron es_ES
dc.subject Accumulation es_ES
dc.subject Crocetin es_ES
dc.title Crocins with high levels of sugar conjugation contribute to the yellow colours of early-spring flowering es_ES
dc.type Artículo es_ES
dc.identifier.doi 10.1371/journal.pone.0071946
dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICINN//BIO2009-07803/ES/Glucosiltransferasas Y Glucosidasas (Cazy Enzymes) De Flavonoides Y Apocarotenoides De Crocus Sativus/ es_ES
dc.rights.accessRights Abierto es_ES
dc.contributor.affiliation Universitat Politècnica de València. Instituto Universitario Mixto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas - Institut Universitari Mixt de Biologia Molecular i Cel·lular de Plantes es_ES
dc.description.bibliographicCitation Rubio-Moraga, A.; Ahrazem, O.; Rambla Nebot, JL.; Granell Richart, A.; Gómez Gómez, L. (2013). Crocins with high levels of sugar conjugation contribute to the yellow colours of early-spring flowering. PLoS ONE. 8(9):71946-71946. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0071946 es_ES
dc.description.accrualMethod S es_ES
dc.relation.publisherversion http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0071946 es_ES
dc.description.upvformatpinicio 71946 es_ES
dc.description.upvformatpfin 71946 es_ES
dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion es_ES
dc.description.volume 8 es_ES
dc.description.issue 9 es_ES
dc.relation.senia 256958
dc.identifier.pmid 24058441 en_EN
dc.identifier.pmcid PMC3772802 en_EN
dc.contributor.funder Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación es_ES
dc.contributor.funder Fundación Parque Científico Tecnológico de Albacete es_ES
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