Estudio de las medidas legales de protección de los árboles monumentales de la Comunitat Valenciana

Abstract

[ES] El estudio consistirá en el análisis de las medidas de protección existentes en la normativa tanto forestal como medioambiental y patrimonial enfocados a la protección de los árboles monumentales existentes en la Comunidad Valenciana, tomando como eje fundamental la Ley 4/2006, de 19 de mayo, de patrimonio arbóreo monumental aprobada por Las Cortes Valencianas y publicada en el BOE núm. 154 del jueves 29 de junio de 2006.

Desde ese eje se estudiarán las diferentes implicaciones de otras legislaciones como son la Ley 42/2007, de 13 de diciembre, del patrimonio natural y de la biodiversidad, la Ley forestal 3/1993, de 9 de diciembre, de la Comunitat Valenciana o la Ley 5/2014, de 25 de julio, de la Generalitat, de Ordenación del Territorio, Urbanismo y Paisaje, de la Comunitat Valenciana.

Asimismo se estudiará la creación y evolución del catálogo de árboles monumentales y singulares de la Comunitat Valenciana donde se inscribirán los ejemplares o conjuntos arbóreos.

[EN] The monumental trees of the Valencian Community have been for years without a specific legislation that was regulating their exploitation and use, being able to be treated even as a goods, since of fact it happened specially with the olive trees, according to the will of their both public and private owners. The environmental legislation begins in the Spanish Constitution of 1978, which legislates on the right to enjoy the environment on the part of the society and the obligation of the Public Administrations of its conservation. The Forest law of the Valencian Community (1993) already gathers the recreative, cultural and educational value of the natural resources, besides regulating measures of promotion and improvement of the natural way, that though they do not name directly to the monumental trees if the same ones can be applied. The law of Protected areas of the Valencian Community (1994) defines the natural spaces, and inside these the natural monuments, which can be natural singular elements that must be an object of a special protection. It is easy to apply this description to the monumental trees, though in the list of Protected areas of the Valencian Community they do not appear. The Penal Code of alone 1995 gathers generic crimes against the nature and in case of the vegetation, gathers as crime the hurt on that of the natural protected spaces. If is considered to be the incorporation of the monumental trees a protected area if crime might come to be considered to be the hurt on the same ones. In the year 2006 there was approved the Law of the Arboreal Monumental Heritage of the Valencian Community. This pioneering law in the Spanish State, regulates the uses and developments of the monumental trees and overcoat links the trees to the area in which they are, independently of if they are public or private, urban or not urbanizable areas. This prevents the owners the trade with these copies. In addition the law foresees the creation of a catalogue of monumental and singular trees in which there will be included those copies that fulfill as minimum one of these conditions: 350 years of age, 30 meters of height, 6 meters of perimeter of trunk, or 25 meters of major diameter of the treetop. The Law of the Natural Heritage and of the Biodiversity of 2007 foresees the inventory of all the natural spaces state wide, establishing a serie of protective measures and of promotion of the same ones. On having included as natural space the natural monuments it should be included to the monumental trees of the Valencian Community in the state inventory of natural spaces, though at the moment they are not included in the same one. The law of Land management, Urbanism and Landscape, from the Valencian Community of 2014 he gathers the creation of a green network in the Community and from a catalogue of protected areas or that deserve protection for what the monumental trees must be included in this autonomous catalogue.