Comparative study between the microwave heating efficiency of carbon nanotubes versus multilayer graphene in polypropylene nanocomposites

Abstract

Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and multilayer graphene (MLG) were studied as microwave susceptor additives for polymers. Different percentages of both nanoparticles were added to polypropylene by melt compounding in order to study the microwave absorption and the polymer heating. Polypropylene was selected as polymer matrix due to its unpolar nature to avoid the influence of polymer polarity and evaluate the influence of the nanoparticles. Electrochemical spectroscopy impedance measurements were carried out to evaluate the conductive and dielectric properties of nano composites. Results showed that nanocomposites with higher electrical conductivity have better capacity of absorbing microwave radiation. High values of permittivity and loss tangent also increases the microwave radiation absorption and the ability of the material to convert this electromagnetic radiation into heat. Carbon nanotubes showed better microwave susceptor behavior than graphene multilayer. Nanocomposites with 1% w/w of carbon nanotubes can be compared with the heating efficiency of a polypropylene filled with 10% w/w of multilayer graphene. The higher efficiency of carbon nanotubes it is explained by their higher electrical conductivity and optimal dielectric properties of the nanocomposites compared to multilayer graphene polymer systems.