EGA. Vol 20, No 26 (2015): Conversando con... Oriol Bohigas

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Conversando con… Oriol Bohigas
Dibujando el Townscape: en el centenario de Gordon Cullen
Asuntos de representación: Mondrian y la arquitectura moderna
Croquis y diagramas en momentos iniciales del diseño arquitectónico
Ideación gráfica revertida
Nuevos en foques en el estudio de los Monasterios Jerónimos Santa María de la Murta y San Lorenzo de El Escorial: organización funcional y tipologías
Descripción y análisis geométrico del templo parroquial de Santa María la Antigua de Zumárraga (Guipúzcoa)
Oteiza, escultor y arquitecto. Análisis de unos croquis inéditos para la universidad infantil piloto e ikastola experimental en Elorrio. 1964
Abstracción y estabilidad formal
Días de Futuro Pasado: El Sueño arquitectónico de los cibernéticos
El mito de la caverna
Blanco y negro: un lenguaje para la arquitectura de Antonio Fernández Alba
Aprehender dibujando: los dibujos de Luis Borobio
Enric Miralles: desdibujando límites entre re-presentación y proyecto
Sinergias entre pintura y arquitectura en el aprendizaje de Paul Nelson: “Maison Suspendue”
De la representación a la experiencia. Realidad Aumentada para la interpretación del patrimonio monumental de la Lonja de Valencia
El color en las piedras y en los mosaicos de Rávena: nuevas imágenes de los monumentos antiguos a través de la fotogrametría no convencional de última generación
De mezquitas a iglesias. Formalización y trazado en los procesos de reconversión de Toledo y Córdoba
Dibujos del gabinete de Robert de Cotte para una estatua ecuestre en la Plaza Vendôme
La ciudad de Cartagena en la época romana altoimperial: generación y análisis de un modelo digital de elevaciones
Análisis gráfico de cuatro espacios de Hernán Ruiz “el Viejo”
La estereoscopia en los libros de geometría descriptiva
Gio Ponti Y Bernard Rudofsky: la casa mediterránea y su representación en la revista Domus
Generación de un modelo de información del patrimonio inmueble en el momento de su protección jurídica
Métodos de entrenamiento de las habilidades espaciales de los estudiantes de titulaciones técnicas

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/76324

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El mito de la caverna
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015-10-27) Giménez Ribera, Manuel; Cabrera Fausto, Ivan; Departamento de Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica; Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura; Departamento de Mecánica de los Medios Continuos y Teoría de Estructuras; Centro de Investigación en Arquitectura, Patrimonio y Gestion para el desarrollo Sostenible
[EN] Paying attention to Alberto Campo Baeza’s exhibition in the Superior Technical School of Architecture of Valencia transformed Exhibition Hall following the guiding traces of the architect himself endows the observer with the knowledge of his last creations. It is a light-tight hall. By means of projecting images of built reality, by means of projecting perspectives and sketches, by means of projecting of what is conventionally understood as blueprints – floors and cross-sections – it tries to supply the knowledge reached with the intelligence through the vision of the exhibited reality
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Blanco y negro: un lenguaje para la arquitectura de Antonio Fernández Alba
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015-10-27) Bernal López-San Vicente, Amparo
[EN] Juan Daniel Fullaondo defined Antonio Fernández Alba as “a man of method and culture”, an architect who accompanied the process of his architectural development with an intense display of culture (1970, p. 3). The intellectual dimension of this architect has meant that his architecture and his written works as well as his teaching labours, have been interpreted as the conscious evolution of a particular methodological investigation. So, the graphic expression of his architecture cannot be understood as merely the result of experimentation based on improvisation. In this study, I propose an aesthetic analysis of his architectural plans, in which the systematic investigation of a representative technique is shown that explored the formalization of his projects, through the contrasting duality of black and white that moves toward a coherent configuration of his architectural design
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Aprehender dibujando: los dibujos de Luis Borobio
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015-10-27) Arnau Amo, Joaquín; Gutiérrez Mozo, María Elia
[EN] This article is a contribution to the idea of understanding drawing as a way of apprehending an object in general, and capturing architecture in particular, as a way of defining the tangible which will later be present in a building. In order to do this, we take as a reference point some drawings by Luis Borobio (1924-2005), architect and Professor of Aesthetics, a poet and creator of caricatures, which illustrate his books, and which, as freehand sketches, have the singular value of allowing us to understand that which they represent in a simple and effective way. This study seeks to show his ability to transmit knowledge, his use of sketching as a metaphor and of caricature as a critique, all tools by which the hand may truly know and reveal the nature of its object.A final reflection is added on My tree a veritable manual of graphic expression, designed to help clarify the debate between mass and space, which is a characteristic of all architecture
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Enric Miralles: desdibujando límites entre re-presentación y proyecto
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015-10-27) Zaragoza de Pedro, Isabel; Esquinas Dessy, Jesús
[EN] Enric Miralles won his first International competition with the Bremerhaven port (1993). Diving through the original artwork of his files 1, they are first presented here some of his preparatory sketches. This is the project that shows the architect way of doing, as well as the embryo of his works at EMBT studio 2.The article regards a previous work, the study for the Osthafen fluvial zone (Frankfurt, 1992); relating it to the other. Miralles would invent extremely experimental ways of working that would make an inflection point on his career. Both the depth of the documents and the techniques used for thinking of them –related indissolubly to the project– some allegories, metaphors, icons, fragments... could be perceived. A reading of his most narrative aspect is done
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Sinergias entre pintura y arquitectura en el aprendizaje de Paul Nelson: “Maison Suspendue”
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015-10-27) Moreno Moreno, María Pura; Sanz Alarcón, Juan Pedro
[EN] Painting and drawing frame the creative process of Paul Nelson, and in that context, this paper analyzes the graphic design of the project of the “Maison Suspendue” (1936-1938). The pictorial fact is a reflection mechanism capable of explaining underlying concepts to the architecture as fluency and spatial continuity. In the 20’s his paintings reflected George Braque’s influence in the cubist search of the incorporation of time in the two-dimensional plane and the representation of reality away from the apparent. Nevertheless, in the decade of the 30, the cosmologies of Miró, Arp, Calder and Leger, with the relations of floating spots of colour in the emptiness, will be present in his investigations as he is moving from painting to an innovative architecture that tries to respond to modern man inhabitance within the frame of the School of Paris in its light tectonic trend.
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De la representación a la experiencia. Realidad Aumentada para la interpretación del patrimonio monumental de la Lonja de Valencia
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015-10-27) Puyuelo, Marina; Val Fiel, Mónica; Higón Calvet, José Luís; Merino Sanjuán, Lola; Departamento de Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica; Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Aeroespacial y Diseño Industrial; Universitat Politècnica de València
[EN] The technology employed in virtual graphic representation is in full expansion by means of numerous emerging applications among which we highlight Augmented Reality. Diverse factors converge in this process: the graphic supports, the perceptive experiences or the nature of the devices for their interaction with people. The research 1 project prepared for the Gothic-style Silk Market Building called the “Lonja de los Mercaderes” in Valencia (UNESCO Monument Heritage Site, 1996) has developed the design of an Augmented Reality application with the aim to observe and validate its usability as an accessibility resource to diverse contents of this monumental building complex. The “in situ” experiences have made it possible to record relevant aspects about their contribution in a real context such as: the need to simplify the means to promote the accessibility and autonomy of the user, or the design role of the marks as interaction supports (interface) with the virtual models
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El color en las piedras y en los mosaicos de Rávena: nuevas imágenes de los monumentos antiguos a través de la fotogrametría no convencional de última generación
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015-10-27) Cipriani, Luca; Fantini, Filippo; Bertacchi, Silvia
[EN] This paper focuses on texture accuracy for a reliable simulation of construction materials present in some important historic monuments on the World Heritage List, dating back to Late Antiquity in Ravenna (Italy). A series of novel strategies will be explained in order to take advantage of automatic texturing solutions of 3D digital models created by Structure from Motion (SfM) applications. These monuments will be used as case studies toillustrate a shadow removal technique on Lambertian surfaces (stone, mortar, bricks, etc.) from apparent colour texture and a rapid approach for optic simulation of mosaic decoration. The latter consists of splitting a single apparent colour texture into a set of images whose purpose is to supply render engines more suitable shaders for representing coloured mosaic tiles in an optically reliable way
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Métodos de entrenamiento de las habilidades espaciales de los estudiantes de titulaciones técnicas
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015-10-27) Mataix Sanjuán, Jesús; León Robles, Carlos; Reinoso Gordo, Juan Francisco
[EN] Spatial skills are essential tools for engineers and architects during their training and career. However, consecutive curricula, in particular those in the European Higher Education Area, are assigning increasingly less credits to Graphic Expression courses, resulting in insufficient attention to the development of those skills.Considering this situation, over the past few decades many Graphic Expression teachers have conducted studies that analyse several methods for training spatial skills. This paper describes some of the main studies and their results, in which a major conclusion is that freehand sketching exercises are the most effective to develop spatial skills, more than modelling with CAD software or using innovative tools and specific applications.
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De mezquitas a iglesias. Formalización y trazado en los procesos de reconversión de Toledo y Córdoba
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015-10-27) García Ortega, Antonio Jesús
[ES] Las reconversiones de mezquitas en iglesias constituyen una problemática compleja y heterogénea, frecuentemente abordada en la historiografía marginal o fragmentariamente. Un estudio de conjunto de las mezquitas cristianizadas de Toledo y Córdoba permite realizar un aproximación más amplia, así como una primera sistematización de los procesos arquitectónicos típicos. También en los casos analizados se detectarán los criterios de formalización y trazado que operaron, resolviendo la convivencia entre nuevo y viejo en reformas, o la integración de algún elemento islámico en reedificaciones más generales. Todo ello, a la postre, permite desmentir algunos errores comunes, y comprender mejor cómo se abordaba el difícil problema de la orientación.
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Generación de un modelo de información del patrimonio inmueble en el momento de su protección jurídica
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015-10-27) Castellano Román, Manuel; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad
[EN] The efficiency of building information models (BIM) for the management of architectural information calls for the development of heritage information modelling (HIM) as a specific application. Using the documentation required for the legal protection of a monument as our starting point, we have created a HIM for the Church of San Pedro in Arcos de la Frontera (Cádiz, Spain). The HIM not only provides the information outputs required for the administrative procedure but also reveals the obsolescence of this procedure and its own usefulness as an efficient tool for the comprehensive management of protected heritage
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Dibujos del gabinete de Robert de Cotte para una estatua ecuestre en la Plaza Vendôme
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015-10-27) Castaño Perea, Enrique; Garín, Alberto
[EN] As Premier architecte of Louis XIV, Robert de Cotte had a wide range of responsibilities regarding the design and maintenance of important buildings for the French court. His years in the court of the ”Sun King” resulted in a major collection of diverse plans, among them town plans, building projects and numerous designs for interior decoration. Outstanding for their novelty and originality are the group of plans for the equestrian statue of Louis XIV in the Place Vendôme, Paris. Conserved at the Bibliotèque National, Paris, this group of exquisite drawings is interesting for its stage-by-stage description of the statue’s erection, from the design of the kiln and the construction of the statue, its internal structure and pedestal to its transportation and erection on site. Taken as a sample, the group as a whole is important for what it tells us about seventeenth-century drawing.
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La ciudad de Cartagena en la época romana altoimperial: generación y análisis de un modelo digital de elevaciones
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015-10-27) García-León, Josefina; García-Martín, Antonio; Cánovas Ambit, Jose Antonio; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
[EN] The main objective of this paper is to contribute to the knowledge of the topography of the city of Cartagena in the early Roman Empire times. A Geographic Information System has been used with data from numerous archaeological excavations, available historic maps and new GPS observations referred to landmarks of that era that are currently on the soil surface. Some meaningful results are: the compilation of spatial information from different sources in a single database, the creation of thematic maps and the generation and analysis of digital elevation models based on these data, which were compared with the contemporary ones. Some notable conclusions are the generation of a methodological model, the contribution to systematic knowledge of the historical topography of Cartagena and the interest of expanding the area of study and considering other periods
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Gio Ponti Y Bernard Rudofsky: la casa mediterránea y su representación en la revista Domus
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015-10-27) Lafuente Sánchez, Víctor A.
[EN] Between 1937 and 1938, architects Gio Ponti and Bernard Rudofsky agreed in Journal Domus on a partnership that would go beyond the limits of the paper, into the realm of theory and architectural project. Though finally they were not built, the architectural designs they performed are of great interest for its research and involving traditional Mediterranean house and also for its update from their previous experiences. Its publication in Domus required new and diverse graphical resources, which by its originality, we consider pertinent to recall in this article as they explore different ways of representing architecture, extremely explicit and very adapted to the general public.
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La estereoscopia en los libros de geometría descriptiva
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015-10-27) Cabezos Bernal, Pedro M.; Cisneros Vivó, Juan J.
[EN] This article summarizes the research carried out by collecting the books, related to Descriptive Geometry, that have employed stereoscopy as a way to improve the knowledge of the represented forms. It has been possible to collect 19 books, published between 1912 and 2007, which have been analyzed and compared. Many of them have been acquired through international dealers, as they are a rarity. The article focuses on the oldest and most interesting ones, highlighting their most relevant aspects. To display the stereoscopic figures conveniently, It has been necessary to carry out a thorough process of digital optimization, in order to adapt the colors of inks to a single visualization system with conventional red/cyan glasses. Finally, the results of the full analysis will be shown.
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Análisis gráfico de cuatro espacios de Hernán Ruiz “el Viejo”
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015-10-27) Gimena Córdoba, Pilar
[EN] Hernán Ruiz “the Elder” (professionally active from 1500 to 1547) produced a vast and complex array of works. To date, they have attracted only cursory analysis, and yet they reveal a unique and remarkable evolution in the transition from the Late Gothic language to the classicist language.The selected projects illustrate how his decisions about structure and typology were inherent to the idea of space: they did not just determine the form but were an essential part of the creative rules that govern architecture. Far from replicating a “model”, Hernán Ruiz “the Elder” used typological references as the premise from which to engage in a profound and highly creative exploration of spatial form. This preoccupation became a constant of his work, which contains a plethora of hybrid solutions and reached its pinnacle in the new transept for Córdoba Cathedral. The graphical analyses presented here attempt to explain these ideas
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Días de Futuro Pasado: El Sueño arquitectónico de los cibernéticos
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015-10-27) Jerez Martin, Fernando; Pérez de Juan, Belen
[EN] Technology has transformed the space we inhabit. We are attached to an infinite thread with access to an endlessly dense weave, a new territory with unimaginable levels of connectivity. Even if Rem Koolhaas is still claiming an Architecture of walls, doors and locks in the last Venice Biennale, perhaps the new Elements of Architecture are those of passwords, firewalls, key encryptions and security certificates. The message is clear, nobody escapes technology. An invisible technology defines the new space, dissolving the walls of buildings.Experts say that this is only the beginning. But what if we are actually at the end point of this invisible, technological logic? What if the much advertised dissolving of architecture into technology occurred long ago?To undertake the research, we will review new arising theories in the 60s, where the encounter of Norbert Wiener ́s protocols, Ashby ́s randomized sequences, Pask ́s Systems Research ́s Group with Cedric Price and MIT Negroponte’s Architecture Machine Group will generate a language to redefine the familiar in a new way, opening other windows for future research
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Abstracción y estabilidad formal
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015-10-27) De Miguel Sánchez, Manuel; Llorente Zurdo, María Paz
[EN] Abstraction has been and remains one of the hallmarks of the architectural creation of modernity. First, abstraction interests us because it avoids the contingent in form. This appears to be a rather negative definition. We intend to go further, review the concept and study the mechanisms of the creators when using abstraction. For this we rely on hand-made drawings of the authors. In this article we set out to analyse and prove the existence of the abstract in contemporary Spanish architecture. We conclude that these works try to stand outside time and space, free from the bondage of matter, formal constraints, social meanings, projecting perhaps, the dream of an essential human space
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Descripción y análisis geométrico del templo parroquial de Santa María la Antigua de Zumárraga (Guipúzcoa)
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015-10-27) Ayerza Elizarain, Ramón; Mujika, Marte
[EN] The population of Zumárraga, in the province of Guipúzcoa, is fortunate to preserve its original late Gothic wooden parish church. The geometric analysis has shown the high speculative level of its architectural design and the extraordinary coherence of its system of proportions
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Oteiza, escultor y arquitecto. Análisis de unos croquis inéditos para la universidad infantil piloto e ikastola experimental en Elorrio. 1964
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015-10-27) Sarasola Rubio, Fátima
[EN] The sketches that the sculptor made for his still unpublished projects of Basque University of the sixties, are digitized, among thousands of documents, in the archive of Jorge Oteiza Museum Foundation. I will present those that according to my research, correspond to the Pilot Children’s University project that Jorge Oteiza designed for Elorrio in 1964. These sketches constitute by themselves the experimental development of this inbuilt project. The drawings are imbued with Basque primitivism, very close to the pieces of his chalk laboratory but they depict the advances of the functionalist architecture of the first half of the twentieth century
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Nuevos enfoques en el estudio de los Monasterios Jerónimos Santa María de la Murta y San Lorenzo de El Escorial: organización funcional y tipologías
(Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015-10-27) Chias Navarro, Pilar; Sender Contell, Marina; Departamento de Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica; Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura; Centro de Investigación en Arquitectura, Patrimonio y Gestion para el desarrollo Sostenible
[EN] Study of the monastic architecture of the Order of Saint Jerome or Hieronymites shows architectural ensembles which are either very deteriorated or in ruins, as in the case of the Monastery of Santa María de la Murta. As with any heritage intervention, prior, exhaustive understanding of the building and its history at all levels is required, including not only formal and construction aspects but also functional and typological aspects that require consideration of design-related issues and use of the spaces and the Order’s monastic rules which decisively influenced the configuration process. Many historical gaps that ruins no longer enable us to document can be filled in by comparison with other, better conserved monasteries, like the Monastery of El Escorial. This present study proposes an analysis of historical architectures that leads to a reflection on the architecture of our time

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