Propiedades fisicoquímicas de mieles españolas

Abstract

[ES] Las mieles monoflorales tienen un mayor valor comercial en comparación con las de milflores, por ello garantizar la autenticidad de su denominación botánica hoy en día es Comportament de hidroximetilfurfural i de l'activitat diastàsica en mels monoflorals espanyolesuna prioridad para los consumidores, la administración y el sector. Comercialmente está permitido usar denominaciones específicas para las mieles producidas por las abejas (a partir de néctares o secreciones de ciertas plantas) como es el caso de la miel de romero, eucalipto, naranjo, girasol, entre otras. Sin embargo, aunque la normativa concreta el valor de conductividad que diferencia mieles de flores de las de mielada, no existe ningún criterio legal para la diferenciación de mieles monoflorales de distintas procedencias botánicas. Por ello, el objetivo de este trabajo es caracterizar mieles monoflorales españolas en base a sus parámetros fisicoquímicos. En este sentido en diferentes mieles monoflorales españolas se ha evaluado pH, acidez, color, conductividad, fructosa y glucosa, así como metilantranilato. Este último solo en mieles de cítricos por ser una compuesto específico del néctar de estas variedad botánica.

[EN] Monofloral honeys have a greater commercial value compared to those of milfores, therefore guaranteeing the authenticity of their botanical denomination nowadays is a priority for consumers, the administration and the sector. Commercially it is allowed to use specific denominations for honeys produced by bees (from nectars or secretions of certain plants) as it is the case of rosemary honey, eucalyptus, orange, sunflower, among others. However, although the regulation specifies the conductivity value that differentiates honeys from flowers of honeydew, there is no legal criterion for the differentiation of monofloral honeys from different botanical origins. Therefore, the objective of this work is to characterize Spanish monofloral honeys based on their physicochemical parameters due to their legal or commercial implications. In this regard, in different Spanish monofloral honeys, color, conductivity, humidity, fructose, glucose, sucrose, as well as methylanthranilate have been evaluated. The latter only in citrus honeys because it is a specific compound of the nectar of these botanical varieties. This work is part of an agreement with the MAPA (BOE), to conduct a study of Spanish honeys harvested during 5 consecutive seasons, this being the second campaign. The information obtained is compared with the values of the previous campaign. Therefore, the objective of this work has been to characterize certain Spanish monofloral honeys based on certain physicochemical parameters, either due to their legal or commercial implications. In this sense, color, conductivity, humidity, fructose, glucose, sucrose, as well methylanthranilate have been evaluated in five Spanish monofloral honeys (rosemary, orange blossom, lavender, holm oak and sunflower). The latter only in citrus honeys for being a specific compound of the nectar of these botanical varieties.