Resumen:
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[ES] En este trabajo se pretenden desarrollar productos fermentados a base
de harina de arroz y centeno, que puedan ser una alternativa a los productos
lácteos fermentados tradicionales. Para ello, las leches de arroz y ...[+]
[ES] En este trabajo se pretenden desarrollar productos fermentados a base
de harina de arroz y centeno, que puedan ser una alternativa a los productos
lácteos fermentados tradicionales. Para ello, las leches de arroz y centeno
obtenidas se fermentaron con bacterias lácticas. Una vez elaborados los
fermentados, se caracterizaron en términos fisicoquímicos, microbiológicos y
sensoriales. Los resultados mostraron que pH, acidez, densidad,
conductividad eléctrica y color no experimentaron cambios notables a lo largo
del tiempo. Además, los geles se mantuvieron estables, no presentando
sinéresis. En cuanto al comportamiento reológico, las mayores diferencias se
encontraron entre la leche y los fermentados, como consecuencia de la bajada
de pH inicial. Por otro lado, los fermentados de arroz presentaron mayor
viscosidad y esfuerzo umbral que los de centeno. La viabilidad y supervivencia
de la flora láctica fue mayor en los fermentados de arroz, que se mantuvo
intacta durante 14 días. Los recuentos de aerobios mesófilos, coliformes,
mohos y levaduras se mantuvieron por debajo de los límites durante todo el
almacenamiento. Por último, el análisis sensorial mostró que los atributos
sensoriales no cambiaron a lo largo del tiempo. Aunque los resultados
sensoriales fueron aceptables, se recomienda reformular ligeramente los
fermentados para conseguir una mayor aceptación sensorial de los productos.
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[EN] The aim this work was to develop fermented products based on rice and
rye flour, which could be an alternative to traditional fermented dairy products.
To this aim, rice and rye based milks were obtained and fermented ...[+]
[EN] The aim this work was to develop fermented products based on rice and
rye flour, which could be an alternative to traditional fermented dairy products.
To this aim, rice and rye based milks were obtained and fermented using lactic
acid bacteria. Once fermented, the products were characterized in terms of
physicochemical, microbiological and sensory properties. The results showed
that no significant changes in pH, acidity, density, electrical conductivity values
and color coordinates throughout time. In addition, non shrinkage or syneresis
were observe in the gels. Regarding rheological behavior, the greatest
differences were found between milk and fermented products, as a
consequence of the initial drop in the pH values. On the other hand, the rice
fermented products showed higher viscosity and t yield stress than those from
rye. Viability and survival of lactic flora was higher in rice fermented products,
which remained constant for 14 days. Mesophile aerobics, coliforms, moulds
and yeasts counts were kept below the legal limits throughout all storage.
Finally, sensory analysis showed that sensory attributes did not change over
time. Although sensory results were acceptable, it is recommended to slightly
reformulate the fermented products in order to achieve a greater sensorial
acceptance.
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